关于捕捞权权利客体的研究  

Fishing rights system

作　　者：于千钧[1] 慕永通[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院

出　　处：《中国渔业经济》2009年第2期11-15,共5页Chinese Fisheries Economics

摘　　要：明晰界定和有效实施的捕捞权制度,是确保渔业资源可持续最适利用的一个必要(但非充分)条件。从权利客体角度看,有三种基本形式的捕捞权制度,即基于空间权的捕捞权、基于投入权的捕捞权和基于产出权的捕捞权,不同类型的渔业应选用不同类型的捕捞权与之相适应。管理目标的复合性决定了现实捕捞权大多为混合型权利。捕捞限额制度本质上仅属于基于产出权的捕捞权,这一刚性的规定从法律层面上排除了选择其它类型捕捞权的可能性。这在理论上不成立,在实践中难免要遭遇挫折。Clearly defined and effectively implemented fishing rights system is a necessary （but insufficient） condition for the sustainable optimum use of fisheries resources. In terms of the objects of fishing rights, there are three different types of fishing rights systems, i.e., the space rights-based, the input rights-based and the output rights-based system. Different fisheries need to be matched with different fishing rights systems. The objective of fisheries management is usually complex in nature, which explains why mixed fishing rights system often exists in the real fisheries. The Chinese fishing rights system, as defined by Article 22 in Fisheries Law of the People＇s Republic of China （2000）, is essentially an output rights-based system. This legal rigidity rules out any possibilities for China to implement other types of fishing rights for its capture fisheries, which is absurd in theory and infeasible in practice.

关 键 词：渔业管理 捕捞限额制度 捕捞权 权利客体 

分 类 号：F326.402[经济管理—产业经济]