生物柴油的K_2CO_3负载水滑石催化制备工艺  

Preparation Technology of Biodiesel Using K_2CO_3 Loaded Hydrotalcite Catalyst

作　　者：姜绍通[1] 蔡静[1] 潘丽军[1] 张福建[1] 张轶[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学生物与食品工程学院,合肥230009

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2009年第4期102-106,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2007BAD34B03);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(107127)

摘　　要：采用浸渍法制备K2CO3负载水滑石生物柴油催化剂,确定制备条件为:K2CO3负载量20%、共混温度80℃、焙烧温度600℃、焙烧时间6 h。用该催化剂催化菜籽油转酯化制备生物柴油,考察了反应时间、醇油比、催化剂用量及反应温度对反应转化率的影响,采用气相色谱测定了脂肪酸甲酯的转化率。通过单因素试验确定了菜籽油转酯化反应的条件为:反应温度60℃,醇油比12,反应时间60 min,催化剂用量4%,转化率达96.9%。用X射线衍射分析和热重分析对催化剂结构进行表征,结果显示催化剂活性与其晶相有关。K2CO3 loaded hydrotalcite catalyst was prepared by impregnation method and the condition of preparing catalyst with K2CO3 loaded 20%, blend temperature 80℃, roasting temperature 600℃ and roasting time 6 h was confirmed. Biodiesel was prepared from rapeseed oil by transesterification with the solid base catalyst of K2CO3 loaded hydrotalcite. Factors that affected the reaction＇s conversion like reaction temperature, molar ratio of methanol to oil, mass ratio of catalyst to oil and reaction time were investigated. The content of methyl ester was analyzed by GC. The conversion of 96.9 % was achieved using a 12 methanol to oil molar ratio at 60℃ for 60 min and 4 % catalyst. The catalytic activity is closely related with its formation of new crystalline phase by the method of XRD and TG analysis.

关 键 词：生物柴油 固体碱催化剂 K2CO3 水滑石 制备工艺 

分 类 号：TQ426.94[化学工程] S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]