乌鲁木齐河流域北部平原地下水流模拟  

Groundwater flow modelling in the North Plain of the Urumqi River Basin

作　　者：霍传英 朱瑾 魏文慧 周仰效 李文鹏[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆地质环境监测院,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]联合国教科文组织荷兰水资源学院,荷兰德尔福特 [3]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2009年第3期8-15,共8页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：中荷合作项目“中国地下水信息中心能力建设”

摘　　要：本文运用数字水文地质概念模型的方法建立了乌鲁木齐河流域北部平原的地下水流模型,并用流量边界与柴窝堡盆地和河谷区的地下水流模型相接,构成一个统一的流域地下水模型,为乌鲁木齐河流域水资源整体规划利用提供了模拟分析工具。北部平原的南部倾斜平原为砂卵砾石组成的大厚度潜水含水层,北部细土平原为多层结构。地下水总体上由南向北径流,天然状态下在交界地带溢出成泉或流入沙漠。目前,地下水循环基本上由人为控制。农田灌溉回归补给量与河流和山前侧向补给量持平;而开采量已是绝对的排泄量。季节性开采造成地下水位季节性大幅度变化。水位的下降使蒸发蒸腾量减少,减轻了由于灌溉造成的土壤盐碱化问题。A transient groundwater flow model was constructed for the North Plain of the Urumqi River Basin using the conceptual model approach. This model was connected to the Chaiwopu and River Valley model with a flow boundary at the interface. These two models together form an integrated model for simulation and analysis of water resources development in the Urumqi River Basin. The North Plain consists of two main hydrogeological units： the southern piedmont fans and the northern alluvial plain. The piedmont fans consist of thick sand and gravels, and the alluvial plain consists of multi-layers of sand, silt and clayey sand. Under the natural conditions, groundwater receives recharge mainly from river leakage and lateral inflow from the piedmont fans, flows northward, discharges in the from of springs at the transition area from the piedmont fans to the alluvial plain and to the northern desert. Recently, hydrogeological cycle has been altered by artificial activities. Irrigation return flow becomes an important recharge component and abstraction of groundwater becomes a dominant way of discharge. Seasonal abstraction irrigation causes large temporal seasonal variations in groundwater levels. The decrease in groundwater levels abstraction reduces the evapotranspiration, therefore, mitigates the salinity problem caused by irrigation.

关 键 词：乌鲁木齐河流域 北部平原 水文地质概念模型 稳定流模型 非稳定流模型 模型应用 

分 类 号：P641.2[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]