地震勘探空间分辨力分析  

Analysis of spatial resolving power in seismic prospecting

作　　者：王林飞[1] 刘怀山[1,2] 童思友[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室,青岛266100

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2009年第2期626-633,共8页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2006AA06A108和2006AA09Z339);山东省自然科学基金项目(2006ZRB0065)资助

摘　　要：未偏移地震剖面的空间分辨力研究通常采用第一菲涅尔带的解释方法,它是以几何地震学的射线理论为基础,仅考虑了地震波的运动学特征,不能详细描述地震波的动力学特征.本文从物理地震学的广义绕射叠加观点出发,综合分析地震波的运动学和动力学特征,由绕射叠加效应推导出了零炮检距地震道空间分辨力的计算公式.该公式的计算结果与第一菲涅尔带半径在数值上相当,并通过正演模拟验证了计算公式的合理性.因此利用物理地震学的原理研究地震勘探空间分辨力更符合地震波客观实际的传播特征.The spatial resolving power of seismic sections before migration is usually researched with the interpretation method of the first Fresnel zone radius, which is based on ray path theory belonging to geometric seismology. This method only considers the dynamic characteristic of seismic waves so that it cannot interpret the kinematic characteristics of seismic waves in detail. This paper is based on the theory of generalized diffraction stack belonging to physical seismology, analyses the dynamic and kinematic characteristics of seismic waves synthetically and deduces the spatial resolving power formula of the zero-offset seismic channel with the effect of diffraction stack.In practice, the result of the formula is slightly less than the first Fresnel zone radius. And forward modeling validates that the spatial resolving power formula is reasonable. Therefore, the study of the spatial resolving power of seismic section using the theory of physical seismology accords with actual propagation of seismic waves much more.

关 键 词：空间分辨力 广义绕射 惠更斯原理 克希霍夫积分 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]