害虫的化学防治与作物抗虫性  

Interactions Between Chemical Control and Crop Resistance to Insects

作　　者：高希武[1] 马军 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》1998年第1期75-82,共8页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!39370475

摘　　要：从作物－昆虫－杀虫药剂三者之间的有机关系讨论了害虫的化学防治与作物抗虫性的相互关系。植物体内的某些次生性物质常是抗虫性利用的重要机制之一，这些次生性物质可以诱导昆虫体内的解毒酶系，而该酶系又能降解化学防治施用的杀虫药剂，从而加强害虫的抗药性。具有抗药性的昆虫由于含有大量的解毒酶系，会使某些抗虫品种对该昆虫种群的抗性降低甚至丧失。此外，杀虫药剂还可通过改变作物本身的生理生化代谢过程、营养质量以及次生性物质的产生，进而影响昆虫与寄主植物以及与杀虫药剂之间的关系。Interactions between chemical control and crop resistance to insects were reviewed based on the relationship among crops-insects-insecticides. Plant allelochemicals is one of the most important mechanisms in crop resistance to insects. These plant allelochemicals can induce the compound-metabolizing enzymes of insects, which can metabolize the insecticides used in insect pest control and increase the insect resistance to insecticides.Resistant insects containing a lot of compound-metabolizing enzymes can well adapt to the crop varieties resistant to them. In addition, insecticides can affect the relationship between crops and insects through altering the progresses of crop physiology and biochemistry, quality of nutrition for insects and production of plant allelochemicals.

关 键 词：化学防治 作物抗虫性 杀虫剂 害虫 

分 类 号：S481.4[农业科学—农药学] S433.1[农业科学—植物保护]