权利的互惠性  

On the Reciprocity of Rights

作　　者：王家国[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学理论法学研究中心,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《法制与社会发展》2009年第3期26-35,共10页Law and Social Development

摘　　要：权利,作为一种话语,是现代法学甚至道德话语的基石范畴,在当今法学的研究和法律制度的建构中处于绝对核心的地位。本文通过对权利范畴的历史演化之逻辑过程的分析,指出权利范畴有着特定的社会根基和伦理要求,即权利的互惠性。通过对权利的互惠性之社会分析,进一步指出权利保护的对象是利益,但其本质不是利益,而是表征处于社会关系结构中的"利益关系"的一种话语虚构(fiction),是对利益关系中互惠性原则的一种制度化表达,故而权利本质是一种话语。最后,通过对作为话语的权利进行解析,力图表明作为话语的权利范畴和权利制度不能也无法脱离开其历史中凝炼进来的互惠正义的社会内涵。The category of rights, as a discourse, is the foundational word and absolutely hardcore of motden jurisprudence. Through an analysis on the logical process of the development of rights, this article shows that the category of rights has a social -ethical basement ,that is the principle of reciprocity. What＇ s more ,the author argues that the benefit is one thing which the legal rights will protect, but benefit is not the rights itself. As a linguistic fiction, the rights is an institutional token for the ＂the benefit -relations＂ in social structure and for the principle of reciprocity in the benefit relations. So the nature of rights is one discourse. In conclusion, the author emphasizes that rights, even as a discourse that is, the reciprocity justice.

关 键 词：权利 互惠性 话语 

分 类 号：D90[政治法律—法学理论]