短期免耕对稻田土壤活性有机碳库的影响  

Effects of Short-term No-tillage on Soil Carbon Pool in Paddy Fields

作　　者：展茗[1] 汪金平[1] 乐丽鑫[1] 江洋[1] 余键[1] 潘圣刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学农业部华中作物生理生态重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2009年第4期834-837,共4页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省农业科技创新中心资助项目(2007-620-001-03)

摘　　要：采用量化的方法研究了短期免耕对土壤有机碳库数量和质量的影响。结果表明,与翻耕相比,短期免耕处理没有引起土壤总有机碳和可矿化态碳的显著变化;但在水稻孕穗期免耕极显著地增加了土壤可溶性有机碳的含量,提高了可溶性碳库效率;在水稻收获时,免耕处理的易氧化态碳及其效率、微生物量碳、碳库活度、碳库管理指数是翻耕处理的1.21、1.19、1.14、1.30、1.33倍;水稻孕穗期及收获时,免耕处理土壤微生物代谢熵(qCO2)显著比翻耕处理降低了0.11倍。可见短期免耕能引起土壤活性有机碳的显著变化,且微生物代谢熵(qCO2)和碳库管理指数更能灵敏地指示土壤有机碳库的变化,因而可作为评价土壤质量的重要指标。Effects of short-term no-tillage on soil carbon pool in paddy fields were studied in 2007 by quantification method to provide data for evaluating no-tillage in paddy fields. The results showed as the following. Compared with tillage treatment （CK）, no-tillage treatment（NT） did not change the total soil organic carbon（TOC） and potential mineralizable earbon（PMC） significantly; while the dissolved organic carbon （DOC） of NT increased significantly more than that of CK in the stage of panicle differentiation, thus improved the availability of DOC of NT. At the stage of rice harvesting, readily oxidizable carbon（ROC）, availability of ROC, microbial biomass carbon, activity of carbon pool （A）, and carbon pool management index （CPMI） of NT were higher significantly than that of CK by 1.21, 1.19, 1.14, 1.30, 1.33 times respectively. At the stages of panicle differentiation and harvesting, microbial metabolic quotient （qCO2） of NT were 0.11 times lower than that of CK significantly. All of the above illuminated that short-term no-tillage could bring distinct changes of active soil organic carbon; Moreover （qCO2） and CPMI could indicate the changes of soil organic carbon pool more sensitively than other indices, which could be used as the important indicators for evaluating soil quality.

关 键 词：稻田 免耕 土壤活性有机碳 

分 类 号：S345[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S153.6[农业科学—农艺学]