瑞丽市柚子果疫病的发生及其病原鉴定  

Fruit Disease Incidence Survey and the Pathogen Identification of Pomelo(Citrus grandis) in Ruili City

作　　者：张培花[1] 高俊燕[1] 岳建强[1] 李进学[1] 周东果[1] 孙有方[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院红瑞柠檬研究所,云南瑞丽678600

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第3期465-469,共5页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南省科技攻关计划项目(2005NG02)

摘　　要：近年来,云南省德宏州瑞丽市柚子因一种不明病害导致果实腐烂脱落。2007年,选取水晶蜜柚,?溪蜜柚和红玉香柚等3种柚子品种作为研究材料,对病害发生严重的柚子果园进行调查研究,对病原进行形态鉴定和致病性测定,同时进行病原菌对药剂的敏感性试验。研究结果表明,柚子果实腐烂和脱落是由柚子果疫病引起的,从病果分离获得12个疫霉菌株,经鉴定确定为柑橘褐腐疫霉Phytophthora citrophthora(R.et E.Sm ith Leon),属于柚子果疫病的病原。不同品种的柚子抗病性差异显著,水晶蜜柚最易感病,发病率为28%,?溪蜜柚发病率为17%,红玉香柚发病率小于1%。4种参试药剂中烯酰吗啉和甲霜灵霜霉威的抑菌效果最好,菌落生长抑制率达100%,可作为防治该病的首选农药。In recent years, an unknown disease has caused the pomelo （ Citrus grandis） fruit seriously dropping in Ruili city of Dehong prefecture. Three pomelo varieties of Shuijingmiyou, Guanximiyou and Hongyuxiangyou were used as the materials to study the disease incidence investigation, pathogen identification and the sensitivities trial of the pathogen to 4 fungicides in 2007. Twelve Phytophthora i- solates, identified as Phytophthora citrophthora （R. et E. Smith Leon） were obtained from the infec- ted pomelo fruits. The results of preliminary resistance test showed that there were significant differ- ences among the varieties, among which Shuijingmiyou pomeb was the most susceptible. The inci- dence rates of Shuijingmiyou, Hongyuxiangyou and Guanximiyou were 28%, 17% and less than 1%, respectively. Further, the bacteriostasis results indicated that dimethomorph and metalaxyl had the best effect among 4 fungicides, their bacteriostasis on hypha growth reached 100%, which indicated that these 2 fungicide could be the preferred chemical for controlling this disease.

关 键 词：柚子 病原鉴定 柑橘褐腐疫霉 抑菌效果 

分 类 号：S436.669[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]