中草药对刺参腐皮综合征病原菌的体外抑菌试验  

In vitro bacteriostatic effect of Chinese herbs against causative pathogens of skin ulcer syndrome in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

作　　者：王印庚[1] 冷敏[1,2] 陈霞 荣小军[1] 廖梅杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学生命科学与技术学院,201306 [3]青岛九洋红水产科技有限公司,266071

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2009年第2期1-7,共7页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划项目(2004GG2205116);青岛科技发展计划项目(02-1-kchhh-44);农业部农业结构调整重大技术研究专项(06-05-04B)

摘　　要：用改良二倍稀释法和抑菌圈法测定了24种单方中草药和9种复方中草药对刺参腐皮综合征4种重要病原菌灿烂弧菌、假交替单胞菌、哈维氏弧菌和恶臭假单胞菌的体外抑菌活性。结果显示,不同中草药对特定病原菌抑菌效果差异较大,单方中草药最低抑菌浓度(MIC)为1.56mg/ml,中草药水煎剂H-5和H-9对假交替单胞菌的抑菌圈最大,达22mm。单方中草药中穿心莲、大青叶、金银花和川芎4种中草药对4株病原菌抑菌效果最好,其水煎剂对4株病原菌平均抑菌浓度分别为6.25、7.81、5.86和3.52mg/ml;平均抑菌圈直径分别是17.5、11.3、14.0和11.5mm。将筛选的4种单方中草药组成9种复方,复方MIC和抑菌圈均显著好于单方,最低MIC降低到0.20mg/ml。其中复方HC-G和HC-D抑菌浓度最低,效果最好,平均抑菌浓度分别降低为0.54和0.64mg/ml;平均抑菌圈直径分别为15.3mm和16.3mm。试验结果显示,复方最佳配比为穿心莲、大青叶、金银花和川芎=2∶1∶3∶2。该复方可为生产高效专用中草药,以替代抗生素,为刺参健康养殖提供技术保障。The bacteriostatic effect of 24 kinds of Chinese herbs and 9 kinds of herb com- pounds were determined in vitro by improved microdilution procedure and the bacteriostatic circle. This work conducted as the herbs were against four kind of causative pathogens （Vibrio splendidus , Pseudoalteromonas nigri f aciens , Vibrio harveyi , Pseudomonas putida ） of skin ulcer syndrome in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. The results illustrated that different herbs showed different susceptivities to given pathogens. The lowest minimal inhibitory eoncentration（MIC）was 1.56 mg/ml. Decoctum of H-5 and H-9 had maximal bacteriostatic circles against P. nigrifaciens with 22 mm. Four kinds of Chinese herbs （H-5, H-6, H-9 and H-14 ） had better bacteriostatic effect on the four pathogens, in which the ave;age MIC of the decoctum were 6.25 mg/ml, 7.81 mg/ml, 5.86 mg/ml and 3.52 mg/ml respectively, and the average bacteriostatic circles were 17.5 mm, 11.3 ram, 14.0 mm and 11.5 mm. Nine herbal-compounds were composed by 4 herbs, the bacteriostatic effect of 9 compounds enhanced remarkably than single herbs, and the lowest MIC reduced to 0. 20 mg/ml. The best compounds were HC-G and HC-D, and the average MIC and bacteriostatic circle were 0.54 mg/ml, 0.64 mg/ml, 15.3 mm and 16.3 mm respectively. According to their bacteriostatic effects, the best ＇ratio of the com- pounds was determined as H-5：H-6：H-9：H-14=2：1：3：2.

关 键 词：刺参 海水养殖 腐皮综合征 中草药 配方 抑菌浓度 

分 类 号：S948[农业科学—水产养殖]