可育异质(大麦)杂种小麦  

Fertile Alloplasmic Hybrid Wheat with Barley Cytoplasm

作　　者：仲裕泉[1] 薛淑伦 徐杰[1] 朱俭[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业生物遗传生理研究所 [2]复旦大学生物化学系

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》1990年第2期45-48,共4页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：以栽培大麦为母本,普通小麦为父本的远缘杂交,其后代因核质不协调而引起雄蕊雌蕊化现象,因而很难获得可育的异质杂种(Islam 1980)。Islam(1981)改用普通小麦为母本,栽培大麦为父本时,就获得了常质的大小麦杂种(小麦-大麦附加系)。汪丽泉(1982)、李璋(1987)所获得的大小麦杂种也都是以普通小麦为母本,球茎大麦(4x)或栽培大麦为父本的属间常质杂种。pershina LA(1986)虽获得了大小麦异质杂种,但其部分可育。而薛淑伦(1988)获得的异质杂种却完全可育,並具有优良的农艺性状。因而有必要弄清它的核质关系,观察它的性状表现。The intergeneric hybrid F_1 (2n = 28) was sterile when Hordeum vul-gare L (2n=14) as the female was crossed with common wheat. The young spikes of the F_1 plants were cultured in vitro, and a great number of regenerated plants (2n = 28, 27, 26) were obtained, which were still sterile. Some of the regenerated plants were backcrossed succesi-vely three times with wheat Ning 7840 as the male. The obtained self-fertile offspring underwent cytogenetical observation which indicated that the root tip cells in most of the plants had 2n = 42 and the meiotic configuration at MI showed n=21' and n = 20' + 2'. The N-banded ka-ryotype was similar to that of the wheat parent while the cytoplasm was chemically identified to be mainly from the maternal barley parent. The above results suggest that the hybrid is an alloplasmic wheat with barley cytoplasm. Its progenies were basically stable in morphological characters, completely fertile, early maturing and with large kernels. It might have a potential use in wheat improvement.

关 键 词：大麦 小麦 异质杂种 

分 类 号：S512.103.5[农业科学—作物学]