水/有机两相体系中苯甲醛与苯乙酮缩合反应的研究  

Effect of cationic surfactant structure on the condensation reaction in aqueous-organic biphasic catalytic system

作　　者：林棋[1] 郭秋燕[1] 林韬伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]闽江学院化学与化学工程系,福建福州350108

出　　处：《闽江学院学报》2009年第2期76-79,共4页Journal of Minjiang University

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2008J0164);福州市科技规划项目(2008-Z-81);大学生创新项目(mjcx0711)

摘　　要：合成了3种季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂(C16H33)2N(CH3)2Br(双十六烷基二甲基溴化铵),C16H33NC22H45(CH3)2Br(二十二烷基十六烷基二甲基溴化铵),C16H33NC12H25(CH3)2Br(十六烷基十二烷基二甲基溴化铵),并考察了其对水/有机两相体系中苯甲醛与苯乙酮Aldol缩合反应性能的影响.结果显示,含有两条疏水长链的阳离子表面活性剂对水/有机两相体系中苯甲醛与苯乙酮Aldol缩合反应具有明显的加速作用,其催化活性明显高于其它类型的表面活性剂;结果还显示,阳离子表面活性剂分子中疏水碳链的数目增加、疏水碳链的增长均有利于Aldol缩合反应.The three cationic surfactant, such as （ C16H33）2N（CH3 ）2Br, C16H33NC=H45 （ CH3 ） 2Br and C16H3 NC12H25 （CH3 ）2Br, were synthesized and their effects on the aldol condensation of benzoaldehyde with hypnone were investigated in aqueous biphase catalytic system. The experimental results indicated that the longer lipophilic chain of surfactant was favored to accelerate the reaction rate of the aldol condensation. Compared with others surfactant, such as cetylrimethylammonium boride （CTAB） ,p-sodium dodecylsulfonate, lycine and Polyethylene Glycol 4 000, the catalytic activity of double-chain cationic surfactant is the highest one. The experimental resuhs also indicate that more number and longer lipophilie chain of surfactant are favored to accelerate the reaction rate of the Aldol condensation.

关 键 词：ALDOL缩合反应 阳离子表面活性剂 水/有机两相体系 

分 类 号：O643[理学—物理化学]