施用沼肥对改善农田径流水质和减轻水源地环境污染的影响  

The Effect on Abating Pollution from Farmland Runoff by Using Biogas Manures

作　　者：王植[1,2] 周连第[1] 刘世荣[2] 李红[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农林科学院农业综合发展研究所,北京100097 [2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第10期4604-4606,4618,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30590383);国家科技攻关计划项目(2004BA6178B-4)

摘　　要：[目的]研究农田施用沼肥对玉米产量及农田径流水质的影响。[方法]采用沼肥和化肥对比试验,通过模拟试验方法,研究不同肥料配方对土壤地表径流氮、磷及硝酸盐流失的影响。[结果]利用沼渣施底肥、沼液追肥,可明显增加玉米产量,且施用沼肥比施用化肥增产7.64%～10.34%。[结论]农田施用沼肥比施用化肥减少了土壤总磷、总氮及硝酸盐氮随地表径流和侧渗迁移的流失量,改善了入库水的水质。沼气生态工程改变了水源林区居民传统的生活能源消费结构,有效地保护了山林植被,改善了辽宁东部地区的生态环境。[Objective] The study aimed to research the effect of applying biogas manures for farmland on corn yield and farmland runoff water quality.[Method] Using contrast test between biogas manures and chemical fertilizer,through simulation test,it researched the effects of different fertilizer formula on soil surface runoff and nitrate loss.[Result] The results showed that corn yield was increased when using solid biogas manure for base fertilizer and liquid biogas manure for applying fertilizer,applying biogas manures the increasing rate was 7.64%-10.34%.[Conclusion] Applying biogas manures could reduce loss of soil total P,N and nitrate,and improve the reservoir water quality.Biogas ecological engineering changed energy consumption structure,and effectively protected mountain forest vegetation and improved ecological environment of mountains regions of east Liaoning Province.

关 键 词：农田径流 沼肥 水源涵养林 辽东山区 

分 类 号：S210.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]