不同喂养方式对0～1岁婴儿体格发育的影响  

Effects of Different Feeding Types on the Physical Growth of Infants

作　　者：刘薇[1] 杨凡[1] 刘丹虹[1] 杨速飞[1] 毛萌[1] 杨慧明[1] 王静[1] 余涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第二医院儿科,成都610041

出　　处：《四川大学学报（医学版）》2009年第3期548-550,567,共4页Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Sciences)

摘　　要：目的探讨母乳喂养、人工喂养和混合喂养3种喂养方式对0～1岁婴儿体格发育的影响;对比不同喂养方式超重及肥胖发生率的差异。方法选择在我院定期健康体检0～1岁的婴儿,采用前瞻性调查。以生后4个月内的喂养方式分为纯母乳喂养组、混合喂养组(母乳和配方奶喂养)和人工喂养组;定期测量其体格生长指标。比较3组婴儿体格生长情况、超重和肥胖的发生率。结果男性婴儿身长和体质量1～3月均为母乳喂养组最大;从4月龄开始人工喂养有超过其余两组的趋势,体质量在10～12月龄时、身长在8～12月龄时大于母乳喂养组(P<0.05)。女性婴儿体质量从2月龄开始人工喂养组最大,3～12月龄时与其余两组的差异有统计学意义,身长从3月龄开始人工喂养组最大,4～12月龄时与其余两组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超重的总体发生率在前3个月为母乳喂养组最高,从4月龄开始以人工喂养组最高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);肥胖的总体发生率除第2月以外,均是人工喂养组最高,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论人工喂养儿肥胖及超重总体发生率高于母乳喂养儿和混合喂养儿。母乳喂养可能对预防肥胖的发生有潜在作用。Objective To investigate the effects of different feeding types on the physical growth of infants. Methods Infants who visited the children health clinics regularly were recruited for the study. They were classified into breast feeding group, bottle feeding group and mixed feeding group according to the feeding types before 4 months old. The growth indices were measured and the WHO BMI standards were used to identify overweight and obesity. Results The body weights and lengths of the male infants with breast feeding were greater than those with other feedings in the first 3 months. The growth of the male infants with bottle feeding began to exceed the other two groups gradually from the 4 month on. The differences of weight and height are statistically significant from 10- 12 month and 8-12 month respectively, compared with breast feeding group. The body weights of the female infants with bottle feeding were greater than those with other feedings except for the first month, and the differences were statistically significant from 3 to 12 month （P〈0.05）. The body lengths of the female infants with bottle feeding were also greater than those with other feedings except for the first two months, and the differences were statistically significant from 4 to 12 month （P〈0.05）. Before 3 months old, overweight was more prevalent in the infants with breast feeding than the others. But for the infants 4 months old and over, overweight was most prevalent in those with bottle feeding （P〈0.05）. The obesity rate was the highest in the infants with bottle feeding except for the 2 months old （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The infants with bottle feeding are exposed to a higher risk of overweight and obesity. Breast feeding may have a potential benefit in preventing infant obesity.

关 键 词：喂养方式 婴儿 超重 肥胖 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]