广东省成人听力残疾主要致残原因分析和对策分析  

Cause and countermeasure study on hearing impairment adults in Guangdong province

作　　者：陈曦[1] 黄东锋[1] 陈少贞[1] 刘鹏[1] 林爱华[2] 李海 江明旭[4] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院康复医学科,广州510080 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院 [3]深圳市松岗区人民医院康复医学科 [4]广东省残疾人联合会

出　　处：《中国康复医学杂志》2009年第5期439-441,共3页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

基　　金：广东省残联第二次全国残疾人抽样调查研究课题;2008教育部博士点基金新教师项目(200805581139)

摘　　要：目的:依据第二次全国残疾人抽样调查广东省调查数据,分析广东省成人听力残疾的主要致残原因,有针对性地提出预防和治疗的建议。方法:在2006年随第二次全国残疾人抽样调查工作收集广东省成人听力残疾相关数据,依残疾程度、城乡区别及年龄别不同进行分组统计分析,考查其主要致残原因,并通过调研和医学分析给出预防和治疗建议。结果:不同致残原因对于广东省成人听力残疾患者的残疾程度、城乡分布和年龄别发病情况有显著性差异(P<0.01)。农村听力残疾发病率远高于城市(平均发病率农村:城市=73.8%:26.2%)。所有致残原因中,老年性耳聋所占比例最高(64.4%);中年人发生听力残疾的主要原因是中耳炎(31%),老年人发生听力残疾的主要原因是老年性耳聋(75%)。遗传(61.9%)和传染性疾病(53.8%)引起严重听力残疾。结论:为减少和减轻听力残疾需要加强遗传病的家系调查和优生优育工作;注重老年人听力普查,听力障碍者及早佩戴助听器;加强农村医疗投入,提高农村听力残疾的诊断率和好转率。Objective： To analysis the main causes of hearing impairment adults, and to raise effective methods to prevent and treat this impairment directly, with carefully study the data from the Second National Sampling Survey on Impairment in Guangdong province. Method： The relative data were collected in 2006. The statistics study was taken according to the disability severity, urban and rural distribution, also the onset age. The main causes of hearing impairment were investigated. Corresponding suggestion on prevention and treatment were raised according to more survey studies and medical analysis. Result： Different risk causes led to significant differences in disability severity, urban and rural distribution, and even the onset age （P〈0.01）. The incidence of hearing impairment was much higher in rural region than in urban region （73.8%：26.2%）. The main cause for hearing impairment was presbycusis （64.4%）, for middle-aged patients was otitis media （31%）,and for old patients was presbycusis （75%）. Genetic factors （61.9%） and infectious diseases （53.8%） caused serious hearing impairment. Conclusion： To reduce and alleviate the hearing impairment, more works should be done ,such as genetic survey, more examinations and educations before and after childbirth, general hearing examination for the aged, early use of acouophone in hearing impairment patients, more financial and technical supports in rural region.

关 键 词：听力残疾 全国残疾人抽样调查 残疾程度 中耳炎 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科] R49[医药卫生—临床医学]