汉语关系从句的位置与关系结构的特点  

The Position of Chinese Relative Clauses and Properties of Relative Constructions

作　　者：陈宗利[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学,上海200083 [2]鲁东大学外语学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《语言科学》2009年第2期155-164,共10页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金(07CYY026);中国博士后科学基金(20080430674);鲁东大学科研创新团队基金(08-CXB011)资助

摘　　要：在汉语关系结构中,从句的位置对于其性质有一定的要求,二者在表面上存在一种不完全对应关系。从句位置与关系结构的语义解释之间也存在一定的关系,前者在一定程度上决定着关系结构的预设及其指称属性。文章在对两种关系进行归纳总结的基础上,尝试在生成语法的框架内对其进行解释。文章认为,二者都是由关系结构的生成过程决定的。具体说来,生成过程的不同决定了关系结构内部结构的差异,从而引起内外从句结构在语义解释方面的差异,而从句与其他成分(数量词和指示代词)之间以及性质不同的从句之间的相对顺序则是这种结构差异的具体体现。In Chinese relative constructions, there is a partial corresponding relation between the position of a relative clause （RC） and its nature, with the former having some requirements on the latter; there is also a relationship between the position of an RC and the semantic interpretation of the whole relative construction, with the former having some bearing on the presupposition and the referential properties of the relative construction. This paper, based on a summary of the basic language facts, provides an account of these two relations within the framework of Generative Grammar. It is proposed that both relations are determined by the derivational process of the relative construction. Specifically, different derivational processes result in different internal structures. They lead to the interpretational differences between the internal and the external RC constructions, and the relative order of the RC and the other constituents （i. e. the Numeral-classifier complex and the demonstrative） as well as the order among RCs of different types are just representations of the different internal structures.

关 键 词：生成语法 关系从句 关系结构 位置 性质 语义差异 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]