国外大众旅游对海滨环境影响的研究进展  

Study Progress of the Impact of Mass Tourism on Coastal Environment Abroad

作　　者：徐勇[1,2] 黄欣[3] 

机构地区：[1]大连大学旅游学院,辽宁大连116622 [2]东北财经大学数学与数量经济学院,辽宁大连116025 [3]通化市中心医院,吉林通化134001

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2009年第5期90-95,共6页Tourism Tribune

摘　　要：海滨旅游自19世纪开始兴起,兴起之初仅限于旅游地所在国家范围内,而从1950年到21世纪初,滚装渡船与廉价航空运输的引入,导致国际海滨旅游以指数化的方式增长。海滨旅游的发展促进了旅游地的经济发展与社会进步,同时也对旅游地的海滨环境造成了严重的,甚至是不可逆的影响。在广泛查阅相关文献的基础上,本文从6个方面对大众旅游对海滨环境的影响进行了述评:旅游的自我毁灭理论、基础设施的修建导致生境破碎化、游轮引致严重的生态损害、踩踏降低潮间带生物多样性、海滩清洁降低沙质海岸生物多样性和生态旅游的负面影响。Coastal tourism started in the 19th century, only limiting to the tourist destinations within the range of its own country. From 1950 to early 21st century, the introduction of roll-on and roll-off ferries and inexpensive air transport led to an exponential rise in international coastal tourism. The development of coastal tourism has promoted economic growth and social progress of the tourist destinations, but Simultaneously brought about serious, even irreversible damage to the environment of coastal resorts. Based on extensive and relevant literatures, the paper makes a comment about the impact of mass tourism on coastal environment from six aspects： the ＂ self-destruction theory of tourism ＂; the building of infrastructure leading to the habitat fragmentation of ecology; the serious ecological damage caused by large cruise ships; reducing biodiversity eansed by intertidal trampling by tourists on rocky/sandy shores; the unappreciated effects of beach ＂cleaning＂ and the negative impact associated with too high demand of ecotourism.

关 键 词：大众旅游 海滨旅游 旅游的自我毁灭理论 生态旅游 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]