台风“桑美”的数值模拟和地形敏感性试验  

Numerical Simulation and Orographic Sensitive Experiments of Typhoon Saomai during Landfall

作　　者：马玉芬[1,2] 沈桐立[1] 丁治英[1] 张广兴[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《南京气象学院学报》2009年第2期277-286,共10页Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40775033);中国气象科学院灾害天气国家重点实验室基金项目(2006LASW01)

摘　　要：用WRF模式对0608号台风"桑美"进行了数值模拟研究,较为成功地模拟出了台风路径和降水,但模拟的台风中心气压远高于实况。为研究"桑美"登陆期间地形的抬升作用对其降水及结构的影响,通过改变特定区域内的地形高度设计了一组敏感性试验。结果表明,台风登陆过程中地形抬升作用对台风降雨量有显著的增幅作用;台风中心位势涡度、气流垂直上升速度、水平水汽通量散度明显增大;地形抬升机制在台风登陆时刻达到最强。A simulation experiment is conducted using the WRF model and the track and 24 h accumulative rainfall is successfully modeled,but the simulated central pressure of Saomai is much higher than that of the real situation.To study the orographic uplifting effect upon the rainstorm and the structure of typhoon Saomai（0608） during the landfall,a set of orographic sensitive experiments are further carried out by changing the terrain altitude within the selected area.It is concluded that during the landfall of Saomai,the orographic uplifting is able to enlarge the rainfall of the typhoon,and also to enhance the centre potential vorticity,vertical velocity as well as the convergence of moisture flux obviously.Meanwhile,the orographic uplifting peaks at the moment of typhoon Saomai＇s landfall.

关 键 词：台风数值模拟 地形敏感性试验 位势涡度 垂直速度 Q矢量散度 水汽通量散度 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]