家兔实验性肺水肿实验条件探讨  

Investigation of experimental conditions of pulmonary edema in rabbits

作　　者：殷骏[1] 殷骏[1,3] 徐刚[1] 徐刚[1,3] 许蜀闽[1] 许蜀闽 周其全[1,3] 刘福玉[1] 刘福玉[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学高原军事医学系专管共用实验室,重庆400038 [2]全军高原生理与高原病研究重点实验室 [3]高原医学教育部重点实验室,重庆400038

出　　处：《西南国防医药》2009年第5期482-484,共3页Medical Journal of National Defending Forces in Southwest China

摘　　要：目的:探索家兔实验性肺水肿模型复制中生理盐水的注入速率、注入量以及肾上腺素注入量三者之间的最佳条件,明确它们在肺水肿形成过程中的作用。方法:每个变量各设计3个组,根据正交设计表L934得到9个实验组,实验组动物麻醉、插管、输入生理盐水与注入肾上腺素后,观察家兔平均动脉压、呼吸、心率与肺系数变化以及湿啰音出现时间。结果:实验组家兔均发生不同程度的肺水肿,实验中平均动脉压呈现先升高后下降及心率减慢和呼吸抑制现象,湿啰音在注入生理盐水75ml/kg、注入速率100滴/min与注入肾上腺素0.45mg/kg的实验组出现最快,且与其它组差异显著(P<0.05);湿啰音在生理盐水50ml/kg、10滴/min注入速率与肾上腺素0.15mg/kg注入量时出现最慢,且与其它组差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:掌握生理盐水的注入量、注入速率和肾上腺素注入量的最佳条件,是保证成功复制家兔急性肺水肿的前提。以注入生理盐水量75ml/kg、100滴/min的速率时,与0.45mg/kg注入肾上腺素复制家兔实验性肺水肿模型效果最佳。Objective： To explore the optimal experimental conditions of pulmonary edema in rabbits and to determine the roles of the injection velocity and dosage of normal saline and dosage of adrenaline in pulmonary edema. Methods： Three levels of each variable was designed, therefore, nine experimental groups were obtained according to orthogonal design with table L93^4. Rabbits in each group were anesthetized, and then left common carotid, right external jugular vein and trachea were intubated with plastic vessel. After normal saline was given at the dose of 50,75,100 ml/kg and the velocity of 10,100,200 drops/min and adrenaline was given at the dose of 0.15,0.3,0.45 mg/kg, respectively, the mean arterial blood pressure（MAP） , frequency of respiration and heart rate as well as the occurrence time of moist rales were recorded and the pulmonary coefficient was calculated accordingly. Results ： Pulmonary edema in a different extent occurred in every rabbit. The MAP and heart rate elevated in the early stage after treatment, then decreased subsequently and respiratory inhibition appeared in the late stage. When 75 ml/kg normal saline at 100 drops/min and 0.45 mg/kg adrenaline was instilled, the occurrence time of moist rales was the fastest among all groups（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The occurrence time of moist rales was the slowest when 50 ml/kg saline at 10 drops/min and 0. 15 mg/kg adrenaline were instilled compared with other groups（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion. Instillation of 75 ml/kg normal saline at 100 drops/min and 0. 45 mg/kg adrenaline is the optimal condition to duplicate rabbit pulmonary edema model.

关 键 词：实验性肺水肿 肾上腺素量 生理盐水量 滴注速度 实验条件 

分 类 号：R845.22[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]