甲醇对稠油热裂解降黏过程的影响  

Effect of Methanol on Visbreaking of Heavy Oil by Thermal Cracking

作　　者：孙道华[1,2] 景萍[1] 方维平[2,3] 李清彪[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学化学化工学院化学工程与生物工程系,福建厦门361005 [2]醇醚酯化工清洁生产国家工程实验室,福建厦门361005 [3]厦门大学化学化工学院化学系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《石油化工》2009年第5期504-507,共4页Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2004CB217805)

摘　　要：将甲醇引入稠油热裂解降黏过程,在高压反应釜中模拟井下开采稠油的温度和压力,考察了甲醇添加量、反应时间和反应温度对稠油降黏率的影响。实验结果表明,最佳反应条件为甲醇添加量(基于100g稠油)4mL、反应温度150℃、反应时间4h。在此条件下,稠油降黏率达到36.49%,而在相同反应温度和时间下,不加甲醇时的稠油降黏率仅为15.67%,表明甲醇对稠油热裂解降黏过程有促进作用。对反应后得到的甲醇相进行气相色谱分析,分析结果显示,甲醇相中存在硫化物,几乎不含烃类物质,甲醇溶解了稠油热裂解生成的硫化物,促进了稠油热裂解反应的进行,从而降低了稠油的黏度。Methanol was introduced during visbreaking of heavy oil by thermal cracking in an autoclave to simulate oil well conditions. Effects of methanol amount, reaction temperature and reaction time on viscosity reducing rate of heavy oil were investigated. Under optimal reaction conditions： methanol amount（based on 100 g heavy oil） 4 mL,reaction temperature 150 ℃ and reaction time 4 h, viscosity reducing rate of heavy oil stood at 36.49%, comparing with that of 15.67% under same reaction conditions without participation of methanol. Gas chromatogram showed that hydrocarbons were hardly detected in methanol phase after reaction. Methanol could dissolve the sulfur compounds produced in thermal cracking of heavy oil, accelerate the thermal cracking process and then reduce viscosity of the heavy oil.

关 键 词：稠油 热裂解 降黏 甲醇 硫化物 

分 类 号：TE624.41[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]