甘蔗宿根矮化病(RSD)温水脱菌研究  

Study on Bacteria-free Test of Sugarcane Ratoon Stunting Disease by Hot-water

作　　者：李文凤[1] 黄应昆 范源洪[2] 李俊[1] 卢文洁[1] 吴正焜[1] 罗志明[1] 杨洪昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所,云南开远661600 [2]云南省农业科学院,云南昆明650231

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2009年第2期343-347,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-019);国家“948”项目(2003-Q06);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助

摘　　要：为寻求甘蔗宿根矮化病（RSD）的有效防控技术和方法，本研究根据甘蔗RSD的传播危害特点，选择五大主栽品种，采用温水处理设备对带菌蔗种进行温水（50±0．2℃）脱菌处理2h，分析研究温水处理对甘蔗RSD的脱菌效果。结果表明：温水（50±0．2℃）脱菌处理2h能有效去除甘蔗RSD，去除率为90％以上。与常规种苗相比，脱菌种苗在整个生长期中都表现出明显的生长优势，早生快发、伸长拔节早、长相健壮。粤糖93／159、ROC25号、ROC10号、闽糖69／421、桂糖17号5大主栽品种经温水脱菌处理均具有显著的增产增糖效果：新植增产甘蔗5．01～49．83t／hm^2，增幅5．97％-91．31％；甘蔗蔗糖分提高0．07％～0．86％（绝对值）。可见，种植温水脱菌种苗是防治甘蔗RSD最经济有效的措施，在生产上应加快推广，使之制度化，可大幅度提高甘蔗的产量和糖分，延长宿根年限，从而显著提高甘蔗生产的经济效益。In order to find effective technology and method for preventing and curing RSD,five main cultivars carrying bacteria were chosen for hot-water treatment test at 50 ~ 0.2℃ for 2 h with hot-water treatment instrument according to dissemination and harm of RSD so as to analyze the effect of hot-water treatment for RSD. The results indicated that it was effective to remove bacteria at 50 ±0.2 ℃ for 2h by hotwater treatment and the rate of bacteria removing reached above 90 %. The bacteria-free sugarcane seedlings showed obvious growth advantage in whole growth period compared with normal ones ,mainly appearing plants growing early, germinating quickly, elongating and jointing early, and the plants were invigorate. The yield and sucrose of five main bacteria-free cuhivars of YT93/159, ROC25, ROC10, MT69/421, GT17 were much higher by hot-water treatment. The yield of plant sugareanes raised to 5.01 -49.83 t/hm^2 ,increased by 5.97 % -91.31 % and the sucrose increased by 0.07 % - 0.86 % （ absolute value）. Therefore,it was the most economic and effective measures for controlling RSD by planting bacteria-free sugarcane seedlings by hot-water treatment. The yield and sucrose of sugarcanes might greatly rise and the ratoon years may largely extent as well by generalizing this measure and turning it into system in sugarcane product,thereby the economy benefit and farmer income would increase distinctly.

关 键 词：甘蔗宿根矮化病(RSD) 温水处理 脱菌种苗 

分 类 号：S566[农业科学—作物学]