先天性心脏病患儿个性及行为调查  

Case-control study on psychological characteristies of children suffering from congenital heart disease

作　　者：张坤[1,2] 李府[3] 李福海[1] 夏伟[1] 孙若鹏[1] 王一彪[2] 郝芳之[2] 牛瑞[4] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学齐鲁医院儿科,济南250012 [2]山东大学第二医院儿科 [3]山东大学齐鲁儿童医院儿科研究所 [4]山东大学第二医院呼吸科

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2009年第5期608-610,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的探讨先天性心脏病(CHD)患儿的心理卫生状况。方法采用艾森克个性问卷(儿童)手册(EPQ)、Achenbach儿童行为评定量表(CBCL)、联合型瑞文测验(CRT)、适应能力商数(SAB)量表对191例CHD(紫绀组78例,无紫绀组113例)患儿进行个性、行为、智力及适应能力的心理测试。同时选取100名健康儿童做对照。结果CHD儿童神经质个性显著高于对照组(P<0.001),紫绀组高于无紫绀组(P<0.05)。CHD患儿心理行为总粗分和粗分均值高于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05),紫绀组高于无紫绀组(P<0.05)。男、女童均表现有抑郁、体诉、社会退缩、违纪行为。紫绀组男童在攻击方面,女童在抑郁、社会退缩方面分别高于无紫绀组(P<0.05)。无紫绀组CHD患儿平均智商与对照组比较差异无统计学意义,紫绀组患儿平均智商低于对照组(P<0.05)。CHD患儿适应能力商数低于对照组、紫绀组低于无紫绀组(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论CHD患儿表现出情绪不稳的个性特点,存在着明显的行为问题;与健康儿童相比,CHD患儿社会适应能力、紫绀型CHD患儿智商水平显著降低。Objective To assess the psychological characteristics of children with congenital heart disease （CHD）. Methods The personality,behavior,intelligence quotient（IQ） and social adaptive behavior（SAB） of 191 children suffering from CHD were measured by means of EPQ, CBCL, CRT and SAB scales. One hundred of sex, age, education and achievement-matched healthy children were enrolled as control. Results The N score of CHD children was obviously higher than that of the healthy children（ P 〈 0. 001 ）. The cyanotic children showed significant higher scores compared to acyanotic children（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The mentality and behavior abnormal rates of the boys and girls with CHD were evidently higher than those of controls（ P 〈 0. 01 ,P 〈 0. 05 ）. The behavior abnormities of the boys presented as depression, social flinch, physical complaints, assault and violating rules. Whereas the girls presented as depression, social flinch, physical complaints and violating rules. There was no significant difference between the acyanotic group and the controls in the mean IQ （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. However, the IA score of cyanotic group was lower than that of controls （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Compared with the healthy control group, the adaptive deviation quotient（ADQ） of the CHD groups was significantly lower than that of controls （P 〈 0. 01, P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion CHD is associated with personality characteristics of neuroticism and abnormal behavior. The social adaptive behavior of the CHD children and the intelligence quotients in cyanotic children are significantly lower with comparison to the healthy children.

关 键 词：先天性心脏病 紫绀 儿童心理学 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R541.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]