国产沙参属五个种的核型研究  

A Karyotype Study on Five Species of Adenophora

作　　者：王可青[1] 葛颂[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学开放实验室

出　　处：《云南植物研究》1998年第1期58-62,共5页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金

摘　　要：首次报道了５种国产沙参属（Ａｄｅｎｏｐｈｏｒａ）植物的染色体数目和核型。北方沙参Ａ．ｂｏｒｅａｌｉｓＨｏｎｇｅｔＹ．Ｚ．Ｚｈａｏ的核型公式为２ｎ＝３４＝２８ｍ＋４ｓｍ（２ｓａｔ）＋２ｓｔ（２ｓａｔ）；雾灵沙参Ａ．ｗｕｌｉｎｇｓｈａｎｉｃａＨｏｎｇ的核型公式为２ｎ＝３４＝２６ｍ（４ｓａｔ）＋６ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ或２ｎ＝３４＋１Ｂ＝２６ｍ（４ｓａｔ）＋６ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ＋１Ｂ；秦岭沙参Ａ．ｐｅｔｉｏｌａｔａＰａｘｅｔＨｏｆｍ．的核型公式为２ｎ＝３４＝２６ｍ（２ｓａｔ）＋６ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ或２ｎ＝３４＋１Ｂ＝２６ｍ（２ｓａｔ）＋６ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ＋１Ｂ；裂叶沙参Ａ．ｌｏｂｏｐｈｙｌａＨｏｎｇ的核型公式为２ｎ＝３４＝２６ｍ＋４ｓｍ（２ｓａｔ）＋４ｓｔ或２ｎ＝３４＋２Ｂ＝２６ｍ＋４ｓｍ（２ｓａｔ）＋４ｓｔ＋２Ｂ。泡沙参Ａ．ｐｏｔａｎｉｎｉＫｏｒｓｈ的核型公式为２ｎ＝３４＝２８ｍ（２ｓａｔ）＋４ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ。它们同以往报道的其它种的核型相似：以中部着丝点染色体（ｍ）为主，至少具一对近端着丝点染色体（ｓｔ）和一对随体染色体，核型的对称程度较高，着丝点端化值（Ｔ．Ｃ）为５８．４％～６２．０％。结合其它性状。In this paper, chromosome numbers and karyotypes of five species of Adenophora are reported for the first time. The species under study are native to China. The results are as follows: 2n=34=28m+4sm(2sat)+2st(2sat) for A. borealis; 2n=34=26m(4sat)+6sm+2st or 2n=34+1B=26m(4ast)+6sm+2st+1B for A. wulingshanica; 2n=34=26m(2sat)+6sm+2st or 2n=34+1B=26m(2sat)+6sm+2st+1B for A. petiolata; 2n=34=26m+4sm(2sat)+4st or 2n=34+2B=26m+4st(2sat)+4st+2B for A. lobophylla; 2n=34=28m(2sat)+4sm+2st for A. potaninii. The karyotypes of these species are consistent with those of the species previously reported. The chromosomes are small, with the majority of them being“m”ones; and a pair of sat-chromosomes and a pair of “st”chromosomes are always present. The centromeric terminalization value of chromosomes is 58.4%～62.0%, which shows high symmetry of karyotpyes in this genus. The special karyotype of A. lobophylla, together with its morphological characters, suggests that it is more advanced than the other species and its position is discussed.

关 键 词：沙参属 染色体数目 核型 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学] S567.503.2[农业科学—中草药栽培]