古代“太子莲”及现代红花中国莲种质资源的RAPD分析  

RAPD ANALYSIS OF GERMPLASM IN ANCIENT “TAIZI LOTUS” AND MODERN CHINESE LOTUS

作　　者：邹喻苹 蔡美琳[1,2] 王晓东 徐本美[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学开放研究实验室 [2]中国科学院植物研究所植物园

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1998年第2期163-168,共6页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：中国科学院院长基金

摘　　要：采用４０个１０碱基随机引物及８个锚定ＳＳＲ引物，对寿命为（５８０±７０）年的古代“太子莲”以及哈尔滨、河北、江西、湖南等地区的红花中国莲（ＮｅｌｕｍｂｏｎｕｃｉｆｅｒａＧａｅｒｔｎ．）野生居群或农家栽培品种的基因组ＤＮＡ进行了ＲＡＰＤ及微卫星（ＳＳＲ）ＤＮＡ多态性检测，共筛选出能产生多态性标记的ＲＡＰＤ引物１３个、ＳＳＲ引物２个。这１５个引物共扩增出１３５个位点，其中多态性位点７１个，占５２６％。琼脂糖电泳表明“太子莲”与哈尔滨红花莲表现出高度的遗传一致性，上述１５个引物未能在两组样品内检测到任何遗传变异。来自河北、江西、湖南的红花莲皆表现出不同程度的居群内或品种内分化。根据ＭＥＧＡ程序中的ＵＰＧＭＡ聚类分析结果，“太子莲”与哈尔滨、河北两地区的红花莲聚为一支。“太子莲”与河北红花莲的遗传距离最近（００５），它们拥有共同的祖先。古代“太子莲”与其它４个地区的红花莲比较起来只缺少ＯＰＭＯ６３００一条带，仍属于红花中国莲这个种。湖南红花莲与江西红花莲之间可能有基因交流，彼此亲缘关系密切，聚为另一支。它们与“太子莲”遗传距离较远（０６７）。By using 40 random primers and 8 anchorSSR primers, RAPD and microsatellite DNA (SSR) polymorphism were detected in the ancient “Taizi lotus” and the modern Chinese red flower lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) from Hebei, Harbin (wild population), Jiangxi and Hunan (cultivar). The polymorphism information could be provided with 13 random primers and 2 SSR primers. Total 135 loci were amplified, 71 loci of these were polymorphic (53%). Agarose electrophoresis showed high genetic identity without any genetic variation whithin “Taizi” and Harbin lotus by using the abovementioned 15 primers. However, there were different extent of differentiation within Hebei, Jiangxi and Hunan lotus. According to the UPGMA analysis of MEGA program, “Taizi”, Harbin and Hebei lotus were gathered to a branch in the dendrogram. The genetic distance of “Taizi” and Hebei lotus were very close (0.05). They shared a common ancestry. Comparing with the modern Chinese lotus (N. nucifera), the ancient “Taizi” lotus only lacked one locusOPM06300, so it still belonged to N. nucifera. Hunan and Jiangxi lotus were close to gather and could be grouped in another branch. Their genetic distances from the ancient “Taizi” lotus were farthest (0.67).

关 键 词：古代太子莲 红花中国莲 RAPD 种质资源 

分 类 号：Q949.4[生物学—植物学] Q914.86[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]