铜钢激光对接焊研究  

Laser Butt Welding for Copper-Steel Joint

作　　者：付俊[1,2] 黄坚[1,2] 姚成武[1,2] 张喆[1,2] 吴毅雄[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200240 [2]上海市激光制造与材料改性重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《中国激光》2009年第5期1256-1260,共5页Chinese Journal of Lasers

摘　　要：针对铜和钢的物理和化学性能的较大差异,通过理论分析认为铜的熔化量对铜钢异种材料焊接接头的质量有很大影响,同时考虑到铜列激光的高反射率,对此进行了基于斜面对接和激光光束偏向钢侧的铜钢激光对接焊研究,并以三种不同的工艺参数进行了激光焊实验。焊接接头的力学性能测试和焊缝显微组织分析结果表明,铜钢焊接的质量主要取决于铜的熔化量。当铜熔化较少时,接合界面清晰,接头无明显缺陷并表现出良好的力学性能;当铜的熔化量较多时,无明显结合界面,接头出现气孔、裂纹等缺陷,力学性能急剧下降。实验结果表明,设置激光束偏离量为0.8mm,可实现低铜钢熔合比,从而获得尢缺陷的铜钢焊接接头。Theory analysis shows that the copper molten amount has great influence on the joint of copper-steel welding for the large difference in physical and chemical properties between copper and steel. Considering the high laser reflectivity of copper, laser welding for copper-steel joining based on slope butt joint and laser beam offsetting to the steel side is researched. Copper-steel butt joints are welded under three different welding parameters. The observation of microstructure and the measured mechanical properties show that joint quality strongly depends on the molten amount of copper in weld. When the copper molten amount is small, the interface between the copper and the weld is clear, and the joint has no defect and shows good mechanical properties. When the copper molten amount is large, there is no clear interface between the copper and the weld, pores and cracks are observed in weld, and the mechnical performance of joint is poor. Experiment results indicate that with the laser beam offset of 0.8 ram. A low fusion ratio of copper and steel is achieved and a defect free joint is obtained.

关 键 词：激光技术 激光焊接 铜钢异种材料焊接 激光束偏置 斜面对接 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]