利用豆粕、菜粕和棉粕替代饲料中鱼粉对苏氏圆腹(鱼芒)摄食、生长和饲料利用的影响  

Effects of replacing fish meal with soybean meal,rapeseed meal or cottonseed meal on feeding,growth and feed utilization of sutchi catfish(Pangasius sutchi)

作　　者：刘修英[1,2] 王岩[3] 王建华 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]华北水利水电学院职业学院,河南郑州450045 [3]浙江大学动物科学学院,浙江杭州310029 [4]郑州市水产研究所,河南郑州450007

出　　处：《水产学报》2009年第3期479-487,共9页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目(2008C22055)

摘　　要：通过8周网箱实验评价了利用豆粕、菜粕和棉粕替代苏氏圆腹(鱼芒)饲料中鱼粉的潜力。配制了7种等氮、等能饲料,其中对照饲料含45%鱼粉,在其余6种饲料中按等量蛋白替代原则分别添加31%或46%豆粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的50%或75%,添加20%或40%菜粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的25%或50%,添加19%或39%棉粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的25%或50%。实验中所用苏氏圆腹鱼芒初始体重为11.3 g。实验结果表明:添加豆粕将饲料鱼粉含量从45%降低到23%,添加菜粕或棉粕将鱼粉含量降低到34%,对鱼成活率、摄食、鱼体增重、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料系数(FCR)、饲料蛋白储积率、脏体指数和红血细胞比积(Hct)未产生显著不良影响。添加豆粕将鱼粉含量降低到11%导致鱼摄食、鱼体增重和SGR下降,添加菜粕将鱼粉含量降低到23%导致FCR升高和鱼体能量储积率下降,添加棉粕将鱼粉含量降低到23%导致鱼体增重、SGR和Hct下降。上述结果显示可通过添加豆粕将苏氏圆腹鱼芒鱼种饲料鱼粉含量降低到23%,或通过添加菜粕和棉粕将饲料鱼粉含量降低到34%。An eightweek net pen experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential to replace fish meal with three oil seed meals, soybean meal, rapeseed meal and cottonseed meal, in diets for 11.3 g sutchi catfish （Pangasius sutchi）. Seven isonitrogenous and isocalific diets were established. The control diet was formulated to contain 45% fish meal, whereas in the other six diets, soybean meal was added at 31% and 46% to replace 50% and 75% of the fish meal, or rapeseed meal added at 20% and 40% to replace 25% and 50% of the fish meal, or cottonseed meal added at 19% and 39% to replace 25% and 50% of the fish meal. Results of the experiment indicated dietary fish meal level could be reduced from 45% to 23% by adding soybean meal at 31%, or from 45% to 34% by adding rapeseed meal at 20% or cottonseed meal at 19%, without significantly negative effects on survival, feed intake, weight gain, specific growth rate （SGR）, feed conversion ratio （FCR）, protein retention efficiency, viscerosomatic index and haematocrit value （Hct）. Feed intake, weight gain and SGR significantly decreased when dietary fish meal level was reduced to 11% by adding soybean meal at 46%. Reducing fish meal level to 23% by adding rapeseed meal at 40% resulted in the increase of FCR and decrease of energy retention efficiency, while reducing fish meal level down to 23% by adding cottonseed meal at 39% resulted in the decrease of weight gain, SGR and Hct. These results suggest fish meal level in sutchi catfish diets could be reduced to 23% by using soybean meal （added at 31%）, and to 34% by using rapeseed meal （added at 20%） or cottonseed meal （added at 19%）, as fish meal substitutes.

关 键 词：苏氏圆腹鱼芒 豆粕 菜粕 棉粕 鱼粉 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]