21～42日龄肉鸡能量和蛋白质需要量的研究  

Study on the Requirements of Energy and Protein for Broilers during Finishing Phase

作　　者：史景松[1] 刘福柱[1] 牛竹叶[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2009年第3期67-73,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD12B02-07)

摘　　要：以商品代艾维茵肉鸡为供试动物，设置3个日粮代谢能（ME）水平，分别为12．55、12．97和13．38MJ／kg；4个粗蛋白（CP）水平，分别为18．5％、19．0％、19．5％和20．0％。采用3×4因子设计进行饲养试验，研究日粮ME和CP水平对22-42日龄肉鸡生产性能、胴体性能以及肉品质的影响。结果表明：（1）日粮ME水平对22-42日龄肉鸡的日均采食量、平均日增体质量、料重比和21Et体质量影响极显著（P〈0．01）；日粮CP水平对22-42日龄肉鸡的日均采食量影响不显著（P〉0．05），但对平均日增体质量、42日体质量和料重比影响极显著（P〈0．01）。日粮ME和CP的互作对22-42日龄肉鸡料重比影响极显著（P〈0．01）；较高的日粮ME水平和CP水平可获得理想的生产性能；（2）日粮ME水平对22-42日龄肉鸡半净膛率、腿肌率和腹脂率影响极显著（P〈0．01），对屠宰率影响显著（P〈0．05），对全净膛率和胸肌率影响都不显著（P〉0．05）；日粮CP水平与22-42日龄肉鸡的胸肌率呈正相关，对其他胴体性能指标影响不显著（P〉0．05）；（3）随日粮ME水平增加，腿肌的红度（a＊）先降低后增加，但对胸肌红度（a＊）影响不显著（P〉0．05）；胸肌和腿肌的黄色度值（b＊）都与日粮ME和CP水平呈正相关；日粮ME水平对胸肌的亮度（L＊）影响不显著（P〉0．05）；（4）胸肌的PH值与日粮ME水平呈负相关，腿肌的pH值随日粮CP水平的升高呈先上升后下降趋势；腿肌的持水率与日粮ME水平呈正相关。通过本试验并结合生产实际认为：22-42日龄肉鸡适宜的ME水平为12．97MJ／kg，CP水平为19．0％-20．0％之间。With 720 21-day-old commercial generation Avian broiler chicks as animal for experiment, these broilers were randomly divided into 12 groups, each group had six replicates, and each replicate contained 10 birds. Experimental diets assigned with three metabolizable energy （ME） levels （12.55 12.97, 13.38 MJ/kg） and four crude protein （CP） levels （18.5 %,19.0%,19.5%,20.0%）, respectively, were undertaken to investigate the influence of varying levels of dietary energy and protein on broiler performance ,carcass quality and meat quality from 22 to 42 d of age. The result showed that： （1） Both ME and CP significantly affected on daily gain, feed efficiency and BW of 42d of age（P〈 0. 05）. ME levels significantly affected on Feed intake（P〈0.05）, while CP not affected（ P〉0. 05）. However, there were no significant interaction in BW, average daily gain, feed intake between dietary ME and CP. （2） Dietary ME significantly affected on semi-eviscerated percentage, dressing percent- age,leg meat percentage and abdominal fat （P〈0.05）. Higher level of dietary ME （13.38 MJ/kg） significantly increased abdominal fat percentage when corripared with lower ME （12. 55MJ/kg and 12.97MJ/kg）. Breast meat percentage was increased by dietary CP （P〈0.05）. （3） L ＊ of both leg meat and breast meat was not affected by dietary ME and CP（ P〉0.05）, b ＊ of both breast meat and leg meat was increased with increasing dietary ME （ P〈0.05）,Both a ＊ and b ＊ were not affected by dietary CP. （4） PH of breast meat was increased by dietary ME, while not affected by dietary CP. WHC of breast meat was decreased by dietary ME, but the effect was not significantly（P〉0.05）. WHC of leg meat was increased by dietary ME（P〈0.05）. The results of present research indicated that the optimal dietary ME requirement of broilers from 22 to 42d of age is 12.97MJ/kg, and the CP requirement is 19.0% to 20.0%.

关 键 词：肉鸡 代谢能 粗蛋白 生产性能 胴体性能 肉品质 

分 类 号：S831.4[农业科学—畜牧学]