杂草稻对栽培粳稻产量和品质及群体微生态环境的影响  

Effects of Weedy Rice on Yield and Quality and Micro-Ecological Environment in Cultivated Japonica Rice Population

作　　者：宋冬明[1] 马殿荣[1] 杨庆[1] 陈温福[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水稻研究所/辽宁省北方粳稻育种重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《作物学报》2009年第5期914-920,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30671262);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20060157003);辽宁省教育厅科研计划项目(20060779)资助

摘　　要：以杂草稻WR04-12和栽培稻辽粳294为材料,在大田条件下研究了杂草稻对栽培稻产量和品质及群体微生态环境的影响。结果表明,随着杂草稻密度的逐渐增加,栽培稻有效穗数和每穗粒数显著减少,产量显著降低;栽培稻碾磨品质、营养品质、食味品质稍有下降,外观品质变化不明显;栽培稻群体日最低温度有所升高,日最高温度降低,温度日较差降低;日最小湿度显著升高,日最大湿度和湿度日较差显著降低;30cm处照度受杂草稻密度影响相对较小,60cm和90cm处照度随杂草稻密度增大有降低的趋势。杂草稻对栽培稻群体微生态环境的负面影响,可能是导致栽培稻产量和品质降低的间接因素。Weedy rice WR04-12 and cultivated rice Liaojing 294 were used in field experiment. The results showed that the significant decrease of yield in Liaojing 294 was induced by increasing weedy rice density. The decrease of number of rice panicles and spikelets per panicle, was one of the main reasons causing yield loss of cultivated rice. Milling quality, nutrient quality, and taste quality of cultivated rice decreased with the increasing of weedy rice density, while apparent quality did not show the same trend. The daily minimum temperature and minimum humidity increased in some degree, but the maximum temperature, daily temperature difference, maximum humidity, and daily humidity difference decreased in the cultivated rice population with increasing weedy rice density. The illuminance, at 60 and 90 cm from ground of cultivated rice seems to be decreased with the increase of weedy rice density and that at 30 cm was not influenced by this parameter. As a whole, the weedy rice was a negative effect on micro-ecological environment of cultivated rice population which is the indirect reason of decreasing yield and quality.

关 键 词：杂草稻密度 栽培粳稻 产量 品质 群体微生态环境 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]