补气位置对改善射流泵空化性能的试验  

Experiment on air supplying position for improvement of jet pump cavitation performance

作　　者：龙新平[1,2] 关运生[1,2] 王丰景[1,2] 向清江[3] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学动力与机械学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]湖北省流体机械与动力工程装备技术重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [3]江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《江苏大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第3期270-273,292,共5页Journal of Jiangsu University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50579060)

摘　　要：对面积比为2.78和4.94的射流泵分别进行了试验,测得不同空化工况下在喉管不同位置补气时噪声和振动的变化.试验结果表明,不同空化阶段在喉管的任何位置补气,都可以降低射流泵的空化噪声和振动;随着补气量的增加,空化噪声和轴向振动加速度的降低也越明显,噪声的最大降低值可达5.1dB,轴向振动加速度最大可降低4.3m/s2;补气可以改善射流泵喉管内的压力分布,破坏极限工况下流动的臃塞现象,提高射流泵的空化性能;在喉管最低压力点处及邻近上游位置补气可更有效地抑制射流泵的空化,最优的补气位置为距喉管入口的1～3倍喉管直径处.Experiments on the cavitation performence by air supply method in jet pumps of area ratio 2.78 and 4.94 were carried out. The cavitation induced noise and vibration varied with air flow rate in different positions were measured under several cavitation conditions. The experimental results show that air supply in the throat tube under different cavitation conditions can decrease the cavitation noise and vibration. The greater the air-supply flow rate is, the more effective the noise and the axial vibration acceleration are reduced. The noise can be decreased by up to 5.1 dB and the maximum vibration reduction can reach to 4.3 m/s2. Air supply can improve the pressure distribution along the throat pipe, and damage the choke phenomenon which occurs in two-phase cavitating flow under limiting cavitaion conditions. Thus, the cavitation performance of water jet pump is improved. Air supply near and upstream the minimum pressure position in the throat pipe is more effective in inhibiting cavitation in a jet pump, and the optimal air-supply position is between 1 - 3 times the diameter of the throat pipe.

关 键 词：射流泵 空化 噪声 振动 试验研究 

分 类 号：TB53[理学—物理] TH38[理学—声学]