过碳酰胺对土壤中三氯甲烷和四氯乙烯的降解作用  

Effects of Percarbamide on the Degradation of Trichloromethane and Perchloroethylene in Soil

作　　者：钟宁[1,2] 张灵[3] 曾清如[2] 李顺兴[1] 张利田[4] 周细红[2] 

机构地区：[1]漳州师范学院化学与环境科学系,福建漳州363000 [2]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]福建师范大学化学与材料学院,福建福州350108 [4]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2009年第5期925-930,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：福建省教育厅科技项目(JA07157);教育部重点资助项目(156-00209);漳州师范学院科研启动基金项目

摘　　要：采用室内土培试验手段,研究了1种酸性土壤中施入过碳酰胺后对三氯甲烷(TCM)和四氯乙烯(PCE)的降解效果。试验结果表明:过碳酰胺对土壤中TCM和PCE都有一定的降解,且随着降解时间的延长,过碳酰胺对TCM和PCE的降解效果逐渐增加。8周后TCM和PCE的降解率分别为23.91%和87.83%,说明过碳酰胺对TCM的降解效果差于对PCE的降解。随着过碳酰胺质量浓度的增加,TCM和PCE的降解效率提高,但过碳酰胺质量浓度较大时,过碳酰胺的有效利用率会降低。100mg·kg-1的Tween80的存在会抑制过碳酰胺对土壤中TCM和PCE的降解。Percarbamide is an important chemical product and a new fertilizer used widely abroad but just begin in China. The percarbamide was used as fertilizer and remediation agent, and the effects of percarbamide on the degradation of two species of chlorhydrocarbons, i.e. trichloromethane （TCM） and perchloroethylene （PCE）, in one kind of acid soils was investigated. The results indicated that： （a） The effect of percarbamide on the degradation of TCM and PCE was enhanced with the prolonging of time; （b） The degradation ratio of TCM and PCE was 23.91%, 87.83% respectively, after 8 weeks; （c）The degradation rate of PCE was better than that of TCM. Moreover, the degradation ratio of TCM and PCE was increased with the increasing of the concentration of percarbamide, but the degradation velocity declined gradually when the concentration of percarbamide reached a certain level. However, the degradation of TCM and PCE was restrained in the presence of nonionie surfactant. The percarbamide could be used successfully for the degradation of chlorhydrocarbons for its promotion of the aeration and the affording of nitrogen in soil.

关 键 词：过碳酰胺 三氯甲烷 四氯乙烯 非离子表面活性剂 降解 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]