氧化还原类酶活性在小麦秸秆静态高温堆肥过程中的变化  

Changes of the Activity of Oxidization-Reduction Wheat Straw During Composting at High Temperature and Static State

作　　者：孙利宁[1] 谷洁[2] 高华[2] 张社奇[1] 陈胜男[1] 陈强龙[2] 甄莉莎[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学理学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2009年第5期1042-1047,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40771109);科技部农转资金(2007GB000394);国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD89B16;2006BAD17B01-01)

摘　　要：选取小麦秸秆为试验材料,采取发酵罐处理方法,在静态通气条件下研究了堆腐过程中堆体温度变化、氧化还原类酶活性变化、温度与酶活性变化的关系、不同酶活性之间的关系。结果表明:(1)添加微生物菌剂处理较不添加微生物菌剂处理(CK)升温快、温度高、高温持续时间长;添加微生物菌剂处理堆体温度第2d上升到50℃以上,第3d达最高温度67.1℃,50℃以上持续6d;CK堆肥第3d达到50℃,第4d达最高温度59.5℃,50℃以上持续5d。(2)过氧化氢酶活性初期较低,中期迅速升高,并维持在较高水平,堆肥第10d到堆肥结束,添加微生物菌剂处理的过氧化氢酶活性明显高于CK;添加菌剂处理多酚氧化酶活性在堆肥前期和后期高于CK,说明添加菌剂可加速木质素的降解及其产物的转化;添加菌剂处理的脱氢酶活性在堆肥中期显著高于CK;添加菌剂处理的过氧化物酶从堆肥第12d到堆肥结束活性均高于CK的过氧化物酶活性,表明添加微生物菌剂可促进物质的氧化。(3)脱氢酶活性和过氧化物酶活性在堆肥中期达到最高值,两者变化趋势相同;过氧化氢酶活性、脱氢酶活性、过氧化物酶活性在堆腐后期比较稳定,多酚氧化酶活性堆腐后期呈增长趋势。The changes of composting temperature and oxidoreductase activities and their relationship during aerobic fermentation in high static state were studied in this paper. There were two treatments in this experiment, one was with adding microorganism agent, another one was without adding microorganism agent（CK）. The results showed that： （1）Adding microorganism agent treatment had faster temperature rising, higher temperature and longer high temperature duration than CK. （2）Catalase kept a lower activity in the early stage and increased quickly later, after that it kept stably at a higher activity for both treatments. Catalase activity of adding microorganism agent treatment was bigger than that of CK from the 10th day of eomposting to the end. The polyphenol oxidase activity in the treatment with microorganism agent was bigger than that of CK during the prophase and anaphase of composting. It indexed that adding microorganism agent could reinforce lignin-degrading and transition of products. Dehydrogenase activity of adding microorganism agents was significantly greater than that of CK at middle period of eomposting. Peroxidase activity of adding microorganism fungus was higher than that of CK from the 12th day of compost- ing to the end, it showed that adding microorganism agents could promote oxidation of raw material. （3）Dehydrogenase activity and Perroxi- dase activity reached the peak in the middle stage of the composting, and they had the same trend. The activity of Catalase, Dehydrogenase and Peroxidase were stable at the later stage, while polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity had an obviously increasing tendency.

关 键 词：秸秆 好氧气发酵 温度 氧化还原酶 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]