五指山猪3个近交家系内微卫星等位基因的遗传变化  

Study on Genetic Regulation of Microsatellite Loci Gene of Three Inbred Families of Wuzhishan Miniature Pig

作　　者：李凯[1,2] 冯书堂[1] 牟玉莲[1] 杨述林[1] 韩建林[1] 刘岚[1] 员新旭[1] 郭勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧研究所,北京100193 [2]北京农学院动物科学技术系,北京102206

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2009年第5期1751-1760,共10页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：“十五”国家科技攻关计划项目(2004BA717B)

摘　　要：【目的】探索五指山猪近交3个不同家系F14-F18等位基因的遗传学规律,为大型动物近交系培育提供依据。【方法】利用14对微卫星DNA引物,以五指山小型猪(Wuzhishan Miniature pig,WZSP)F13-F18世代的3个近交家系为研究对象,通过估算基因杂合度(H)、多态信息含量(PIC)和等位基因数(N)等参数,检测近交3个家系微卫星等位基因的纯合度,以及随近交代数的推进每个星座上等位基因的变化规律。【结果】WZSP近交系Ⅰ系F14-F16的14个微卫星座平均每个位点等位基因数为2个、平均杂合度为0.40、多态信息含量为0.26;Ⅱ系F15-F18的平均等位基因数为1.92,平均杂合度分别为0.32,多态信息含量为0.25;Ⅲ系F14-F17的平均等位基因数为2.17,平均杂合度为0.44,平均多态信息含量为0.32。【结论】随近交代数的推进,每个星座上等位基因数越来越少,基因的纯合度越来越高,但WZSP近交系微卫星等位基因的纯合度有一定的限度,与近交鼠有所不同;在近交系3个家系各个世代中有少数几个基因座,如Sw874和Sw936等一直处于高度杂合状态,这可能与WZSP近交家系的种质特异性有关,推测与这些基因座处于同一连锁群的某些功能基因在维持极高近交水平下WZSP的基本生存能力中起着关键作用。3个近交群体间的分化系数在0.07以上,已各自成为独立家系;3个家系的近交程度不完全一致,基因的纯合度亦不同,Ⅱ系最高、14个微卫星座中7个纯合,其次为Ⅰ系和Ⅲ系。[Objective] To investigate the pattern of genetic variation of three inbred families of Wuzhishan Miniature pig （WZSP） from the 13th to the 18th generations. [ Method ] Fourteen autosome microsatellite DNA markers were used to estimate their genetic heterozygosity （H）, polymorphic information content （PIC） and number of alleles （N）. [Result] The results showed that the average N, 1-1, PIC in the pooled samples of families Ⅰ F14-16, Ⅱ F15-18, Ⅲ F14-17 were 2,0.40, 0.26; 1.92, 0.32, 0.26, 2.17, 0.44 and 0.32, respectively. The 7 of 14 microsatellites had reached the homozygosis completely in families Ⅱ at 18^th. [Conclusion] The results suggested that the average N is decreasing and the genetic homozygosity is increasing with the improving inbred generation of WZSP. The differentiation coefficient is 0.07 between three inbreed families respectively. The highest level of genetic homozygosity is in families Ⅱ at 18th, but genetic variation is a little difference between inbreeding pig and mice. However, this study revealed the pattern of genetic variation at microsatellite loci in the 3 inbred families of WZSP with one of the most important findings to be the high level of unexpected heterozygosity at some loci, e.g. Sw874 and Sw936 that could be part of the unique genetics of three families. A hypothesis is that certain functional genes linked with such microsatellite loci may be involved in the maintenance of viability of these inbred families of WZSP remains for further investigation.

关 键 词：五指山小型猪 近交家系 微卫星 杂合度 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]