福建主要粮油作物测土配方施肥指标体系研究Ⅲ．区域施肥模型及其推荐施肥  

Soil testing and fertilization indices for major grain and oil crops in Fujian Ⅲ. models and recommendations for regional fertilization

作　　者：姚宝全 徐志平 章明清[2] 林琼[2] 陈子聪[2] 李娟[2] 颜明娟[2] 张建丽 

机构地区：[1]福建省农田建设与土肥技术总站,福建福州350003 [2]福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,福建福州350013 [3]福建省农产品质量检测检验中心,福建福州350003

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2009年第2期137-142,共6页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家测土配方施肥补贴项目(2005-2007);国家科技支撑项目(2008BADA4B10、2006BAD25B08-3);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)合作项目(Fujian-13)

摘　　要：根据227个粮油作物氮磷钾肥效试验结果,分别建立土壤肥力为"高"、"中"、"低"3个等级的区域施肥模型。典型性判别表明,35个区域施肥模型中,典型肥效模型占65.7%。对典型肥效模型采用边际产量导数法推荐施肥,对非典型肥效模型则采用Monte Carlo法随机解在目标产量下求推荐施肥量,全省早晚稻平均最高施氮量为162 kg.hm-2,氮磷钾比为1∶0.36∶0.72;经济施氮量是122 kg.hm-2,比例为1∶0.32∶0.65。中稻平均推荐施氮量为206 kg.hm-2,三要素比为1∶0.38∶0.80。甘薯、马铃薯和花生的平均经济施氮量分别为134 kg.hm-2、217 kg.hm-2和107 kg.hm-2,氮磷钾比例分别为1∶0.47∶1.40、1∶0.37∶1.00和1∶0.50∶0.98。Three regional fertilization models for the ＂high＂, ＂medium＂ and ＂low＂ soil fertility grades were established based on 227 field tests on the NPK fertilizer efficiency for the grain and oil crops. Representative model analysis showed that 65.7% of the 35 regional fertilization models were typical. The boundary yield derivative method was used to recommend optimum application rate for the typical models. The Monte Carlo method was applied for non-typical models. The results showed that the average maximum N application rate for the early and the late rice in Fujian was 162 kg·hm^-2 with an N P K ratio of 1 ： 0.36 ： 0.72, while the average economic N application rate was 122 kg^hm^-2 with anNPKratioofl ： 0.32： 0.65. The N P K application rate for the rice in the mountainous area was higher than in the coastal area. The recommended N application rate for the mid--reason rice was 206 kg · hm^-2 with an N P K ratio of 1 ： 0.38 ： 0.80. The economical N apphcation rates for sweet potatoes, potatoes and peanuts were 134 217 and 107 kg · hm^2 with N P K ratios of 1 ： 0.47： 1.40, 1 ： 0.37 ： 1.00 and 1 ： 0.50 ： 0.98, respectively. It is apparent that considerable differences exist in the appropriate fertilization for soils of different fertility grades.

关 键 词：粮油作物 氮磷钾 区域施肥模型 推荐施肥 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学]