太湖短吻银鱼的胚胎发育  

On the Embryonic Development of Salangichthys (Neosalanx) tangkahkeii taihuensis

作　　者：张开翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《湖泊科学》1998年第1期55-61,共7页Journal of Lake Sciences

摘　　要：根据1981－1983年间在东太湖研究基地成功进行四次人工授精所得的受精卵，对太湖短吻银鱼卵子在卵膜内以及自由胚胎（前期仔鱼）的发育情况作了深入研究，并作了活体显微照相。太湖短吻银鱼胚胎发育期间具有很强的生命力，可在静水中孵化水温4．9－14．2℃时，受精卵经过312小时15分孵化。仔鱼孵出时，可由头、尾、胸乃至背部先从卵膜突出、弹出或伸出，以头部先出者居多由此可见，以前认为以属部最先弹出卵膜，以及曾报道过仅以头部突膜的描述，都只是观察到仔鱼出膜的一个侧面。在无外部投饵，水温12．8—18．8℃时情况下．仔鱼孵出后可以存活12d因此，可以采用人工授精卵作为移植材料，向尚无太湖短吻银鱼分布的天然湖泊与人工水库进行移植。The short-snout icefish, Salangichthys (Neosalanx) tangkahkeii taihuensis Chen, is one of commercial fishes in Taihu Lake. Investigation on the embryonic development of this sort of fish was made during the year 1981 - 1983.The ovarian egg of this fish is demersal, colorless, spherical or spheroidal, measuring 0. 53 -0. 82mm in diameter, with external filaments. The bends in the lake is the spawning ground.Fertilized egg hatching takes 312 hours 15 minutes at the water temperature of 5. 9 - 14. 2℃The just hatched larva is 2. 44mm in total length, with the melanophores around the anus open. The myotome number is 42 + 13 = 55.In 3 days, larva's mouth begins to open and the air bladder is abounded by gas. The string melonophores are scattered on the yolk and above the ventral fin fold. In 5 days, the yolk is almost entirely consumed and the larve attained 4. 60mm in total lenth. In 9 days, the yolk is elltirely consumed. In 12 days, the larva dies off.It has been found that the fertilized eggs could be used in transplanting. As to lakes and reservoirs where there is no icefish, great economic benifits can be achieved after the transplantation of Salangichthys (Neosalanx ) tangkahkeii taihuensis Chen succeeds.

关 键 词：太湖 短吻银鱼 人工授精 胚胎发育 银鱼 

分 类 号：Q959.483[生物学—动物学]