美国城市化初期的贫民住宅——“哑铃公寓”  

Dumbbell Tenement: For Low-income City Residents During the Earlier Urbanization in America

作　　者：高芳英[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学社会学院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2009年第2期78-83,共6页Journal of Yangzhou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要："哑铃公寓"是美国城市化初期的产物,是美国历史上第一次为底层民众设计的标准式廉租公寓,由于楼房外形酷似哑铃而得此名。"哑铃公寓"独特的结构设计和设施安排,改善了城市化初期城市移民的居住环境和条件。随着城市移民的不断涌入,更多的人需要廉租公寓,城市移民开始多户合租"哑铃公寓"的一个单元,以便节省更多的开支。由于"哑铃公寓"都是城市移民的下层租住,"哑铃公寓"街区逐渐成为美国新的"贫民窟"。19世纪末,"哑铃公寓"成为刺激纽约住房改革的主要因素。Dumbbell was the outcome of American urbanization in earlier times, and was also the first low-rent tenement for low-income city residents in American history. It was called Dumbbell Tenement because of its dumbbelllike shape. The tenement improved the residents＇ living conditions with its special structure. But after a short time, the mere and more newcomers to the city struggled to find decent dwellings at cheap prices. Many families began to share one unit in the tenement to lessen the cost, which turned the block of Dumbbell Tenement into the new slum area in America. So deplorable were these tenements that they became the stimulus for the next wave of New York housing reform.

关 键 词：美国 城市化初期 “哑铃公寓” 廉租公寓 

分 类 号：K712.0[历史地理—历史学]