原油脱盐脱水技术综述  

Review on crude oil desalting and dehydration processes

作　　者：谭丽[1] 沈明欢[1] 王振宇[1] 李本高[1] 于丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油化工科学研究院,北京市100083

出　　处：《炼油技术与工程》2009年第5期1-7,共7页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：介绍了国内外在原油乳状液稳定性方面的理论研究现状,以及国内外多种原油脱盐脱水技术,包括施加电场、超声波辐射、微波辐射、液-液旋流分离、膜分离、冷冻解冻等各项技术的原理、特点、研究进展及应用状况。指出动态旋流分离技术和微波法破乳在未来具有较好的工业应用前景,而新型破乳剂的开发和电脱盐设备的不断改进是目前原油脱盐脱水技术发展的主导方向。The crude oil desahing and dehydration processes both in China and abroad are introduced, including theories, characteristics, research and development and application of each technology like electric field, ultrasonic radiation, microwave radiation, liquid-liquid hydroeyclone separation, membrane separation and refrigeration/thaw, etc. It is pointed out that dynamic hydrocyclone separation technology and microwave radiation demulsification are the promising technologies for future commercial application, while the development of new types of demulsifiers and improvements of electric desalting equipments are the leading developing directions at present.

关 键 词：原油脱盐 化学脱盐 电脱盐 旋流分离 微波破乳 脱水 破乳剂 综述 

分 类 号：TE624.1[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]