不同释放期的包衣尿素在夏玉米上应用效果研究  

Effects of Coated Urea with Different Release Duration on Summer Corn

作　　者：曹兵[1] 李亚星[1] 徐凯[2] 何永健[2] 谷佳林[1] 张琳[1] 徐秋明[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097 [2]北京市房山区农科所,北京100115

出　　处：《土壤通报》2009年第3期621-624,共4页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家863项目(2001AA246023);北京市科技新星项目(2005B37)资助

摘　　要：通过田间试验比较研究了释放期分别为35天和60天的包衣尿素（以下称PCU35和PCU60）全量基施与普通尿素分次施用对夏玉米生长、产量、氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明，包衣尿素在田间的溶出较实验室慢，包衣尿素的养分溶卅过程可以用yzax^2＋hx＋c的双曲线方程模拟。施氮在夏玉米生长和增产方面的作用不明显，不同处理间的夏玉米株高、最大叶幅和叶片叶绿素含量差异不大。施氮处理的夏玉米产量增幅在0．91％～11％之间，氮肥利用率在11．74％-22．98％之间，PCU35处理的夏玉米产量和氮肥利用率不仅高于PCU60，而且也高于施用普通尿素的处理。综上所述，在京郊正常气候条件下，选用释放期较短（如PCU35）的包衣尿素更易满足夏玉米生长期对氮素的需求。Field experiment was conducted to investigate impacts of coated urea of different release duration （35 d and 60 d） with single basal application and urea with split application on summer corn＇s growth, yield and nitrogen use efficiency. The results showed that the nutrient release of coated urea under field condition was slower than that of laboratory method, and relative low soil water content was the main limited factor of nutrient release, the nutrient release pattern of coated urea under field condition could be simulated by the hyperbolical formula of y=ax2＋bx＋c. N application didn＇t markedly increase summer corn＇s growth, and the difference of plant height, maximum leaf width and chlorophyll content among treatments was not significant. N application increased summer corn＇s yield in the range of 0.91% to 11%, the corresponding figure of nitrogen use efficiency was 11.74% to 22.98%, the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of PCU35 was not only higher than those of treatment with urea, but also higher than those of PCU60. In summary, in the conventional climate of Beijing suburb, coated urea with relative short release duration （such as PCU35） could comparably match the N need of summer corn.

关 键 词：包衣尿素 释放期 夏玉米 产量 氮肥利用率 

分 类 号：S145.6[农业科学—肥料学] S513.062[农业科学—农业基础科学]