中国致密砂岩煤成气藏地质特征及成藏过程——以鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界与四川盆地须家河组气藏为例  

Geological features and formation of coal-formed tight sandstone gas pools in China:Cases from Upper Paleozoic gas pools,Ordos Basin and Xujiahe Formation gas pools,Sichuan Basin

作　　者：张水昌[1] 米敬奎[1] 刘柳红[1] 陶士振[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2009年第3期320-330,共11页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(2008A-0607)

摘　　要：中国煤系天然气分布受多种因素控制,以鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界与四川盆地须家河组气藏为例,从构造、烃源岩演化、储集层特征、成藏历史等多方面探讨中国煤系天然气的聚集和成藏过程。对比结果表明:鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界天然气藏与四川盆地上三叠统须家河组天然气藏的成藏地质条件有许多相似之处,两地气藏特征产生差异的主要原因是盆地构造特征和成藏过程不同。鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界天然气成藏过程是气体推动着水体整体向构造高位运移,多种成藏条件共同影响下形成的气水倒置是气藏负压的主要原因。四川盆地须家河组气藏成藏以构造圈闭控制成藏为主,局部发育岩性气藏,气藏异常高压是快速沉积引起的欠压实作用、烃源岩的生烃作用及后期构造挤压共同作用的结果。The distribution of coal gas pools is controlled by many geological factors in China. The accumulation and pool-forming process of coal measures gas is studied from aspects of structure, source rock evolution, reservoir, pool-forming history, etc. The comparison results show that there are many similarities in geology between the Upper Paleozoic gas pools in Ordos Basin and the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation gas pools in Sichuan Basin, and the difference of the gas pools features in the two basins is caused by different structural evolutions and pool-forming processes. In Ordos Basin, water shoved by gas migrated from lower to higher positions in the formation process of the gas pools, and the abnormality of low gas reservoir pressure was caused by the water and gas reversal. In Siehuan Basin, structural traps controlled the gas pools distribution in Xujiahe Formation, lithologic gas pools was found locally, and the main factors for the abnormally high pressure are the quick deposition due to undercompaction, the hydrocarbon generation of source rocks and the structural compression during the Himalayan period.

关 键 词：煤成气 鄂尔多斯盆地 四川盆地 上古生界 须家河组 成藏历史 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]