应用流体包裹体和沥青特征判别天然气的成因  

Identification of natural gas origin using the characteristics of bitumen and fluid inclusions

作　　者：刘德汉[1] 肖贤明[1] 田辉[1] 杨春[2] 胡安平[2] 宋之光[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室,510640 [2]浙江大学地球科学系

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2009年第3期375-382,共8页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：中国科学院重点方向项目(KZCX2-YW-114);国家杰出青年基金项目(40625011)

摘　　要：中国已发现多种成因类型的大气田,为了给气田的成因、成藏判识提供新的科学依据,对原油裂解成因气藏、煤成气藏和高成熟度干酪根热解成因气藏的矿物包裹体和储集层沥青的分布特征及包裹体的激光拉曼测定结果进行了对比研究。样品实际观测结果表明,油裂解气藏中,储集层中富含热演化程度很高的中间相结构焦沥青,矿物包裹体的组构复杂,并且发现在高温高压条件下捕获的甲烷包裹体中含少量H2S、CO2、重烃、沥青质,部分储集层中存在含自然硫的不混溶包裹体等,可作为油裂解气藏鉴别的重要依据。与油裂解气藏相比,煤成气藏和高成熟干酪根热解成因气藏主要由气态烃运聚成藏,储集层中不含中间相结构焦沥青,矿物包裹体的丰度较低,类型和组构比较简单,以不含沥青和重烃的甲烷包裹体为主。Many giant gas fields of different origins have been discovered in China, including gases cracked from crude oil, high maturity kerogens and coal formed gas. These gas fields can be well distinguished based on the petrology of reservoir bitumen and fluid inclusions and the composition of inclusion gas determined by the laser Raman. The oil-cracking gas reservoir is characterized by pyrobitumen with an intermediate phase structure and complicated types of fluid inclusions including gas inclusions, solid bitumen inclusions, aqueous inclusions, even their combination. Under high temperature and high pressure, the methane inclusion from the oil-cracking gas reservoir contains some H2S, CO2, heavy hydrocarbons and bitumen, and immiscible inclusions containing sulphur occur in some reservoirs. There is usually no the intermediate phase pyrobitumen in the gas reservoirs of coal and high maturity kerogen origins because the gases are migrated and accumulated from sources elsewhere, and the fluid inclusions for these gas fields are low abundant and their types are simple, mainly methane inclusions without bitumen and heavy hydrocarbons.

关 键 词：天然气成因 矿物包裹体 沥青 激光拉曼分析 

分 类 号：TE135[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]