燃煤产物中多环芳烃赋存规律及环境意义  

Distributed Law and Environment Significance of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Coal Burning Product

作　　者：刘志华[1] 刘大锰[1] 姚艳斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)能源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2009年第5期115-118,共4页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(8032012);地质行业青年基金资助项目(Qh979817);教育部留学回国人员基金资助项目(2000-367)

摘　　要：利用GC—MS（色-质谱）对华北4个矿区燃煤电厂的炉前煤、飞灰和底灰的氯仿抽提液中多环芳烃进行了比较研究。结果表明，燃煤产物中所含多环芳烃种类以烷基芳烃居多，母核芳烃相对较少，其中飞灰中低环（2～3环）芳烃含量高，而底灰中4—5环的芳烃含量相对较高。煤中的多环芳烃在其燃烧过程中，一部分直接以气态方式释放到大气中，一部分残留在飞灰和底灰中，其余则经高温热裂解分解为其他种类的多环芳烃。飞灰和底灰中具有致癌、致突变作用的多环芳烃种类较多，其对人类的危害及环境的污染不容忽视。With the GC-MS （gas chromatography-mass spectrometer）, a comparison study was conducted on the PAHs extracted from the chloroform of the raw coal, fly ash and bottom ash in four coal-fired power plants of the mining areas, North China. The results showed that PAHs in the coal-burning products would be dominated by the alkyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The content of parental PAHs was relatively small. The contents of low-ring （2 -3 rings） PAHs in fly ash would be relatively high, while the contents of high-ring （4 - 5 rings） PAHs were relatively high. Some PAHs from coal were released into air during combustion, some were remained in fly ash and bottom ash, some were cracked into other PAHs. The contents and species of PAHs resulting in cancer and mutation in fly ash and bottom ash were relatively high, the pollution to environment and harm to human health should be paid attention.

关 键 词：燃煤 飞灰 底灰 多环芳烃 赋存规律 环境意义 

分 类 号：TQ23[化学工程—有机化工]