2008年北京奥运会场馆疾病分布情况分析  

Analysis on disease distribution at Beijing 2008 Olympic venues

作　　者：梁学亚[1] 张爱萍[2] 陈维娜[1] 李梦圆[3] 吕超英[4] 沙马什 戴建平[6] 王戎 

机构地区：[1]北京积水潭医院消化内科奥林匹克森林公园北区曲棍球场馆、奥体中心附属训练场场馆和首都体育学院独立训练场馆医疗部,100035 [2]首都体育学院校医院 [3]北京外国语大学研究生 [4]北京卫生局医政处、北京奥组委运动服务部医疗卫生处 [5]国际奥组委医学委员会(Dr.Patrick Schamasch,IOC Medical Commission Director) [6]北京奥组委运动服务部、天坛医院 [7]北京奥组委运动服务部医疗卫生处

出　　处：《中华医学杂志》2009年第20期1438-1440,共3页National Medical Journal of China

摘　　要：目的通过对2008年北京奥运会的医疗数据进行统计分析，了解竞赛场馆、训练场馆、非竞赛场馆和特殊控制区的发病情况、疾病种类。方法对场馆的非注册人员、运动员、工作人员、媒体、其他和贵宾的发病率分析；按不同场馆划分，把心血管系统、口腔科、消化系统、耳鼻喉科、呼吸系统、外科、神经精神、物理损伤、泌尿生殖系统和皮肤烧伤的发病情况进行统计；对特定的场馆中的疾病谱和发病情况进行分析。结果（1）2008年北京奥运会所有人员总发病数最高的是工作人员（44．83％），发病最低的是贵宾（4．76％）。（2）不同场馆的疾病分布情况，经统计学分析显示不同场馆内人群所患疾病不同（χ^2=2427．803，P〈0．01）。（3）在22029例病人数中：竞赛场馆发病占36．08％，非竞赛场馆占50．66％，训练场馆占2．31％，特殊控制区占10．96％。发病情况高低与场馆内总人数多少有关。（4）在各个场馆疾病谱分析中，外科系统，包括颌面外科和骨科专科（创伤骨科），其发病情况均在前2位，故各场馆应配备外科医生，特别是颌面外科（曲棍球比赛）和创伤骨科医生。其中训练场馆的耳鼻喉科疾病发病人数占第1位，与占第2位的非竞赛场馆相比，χ^2=74．859（P〈0．01）。说明训练场馆的耳鼻喉科疾病比非竞赛场馆发病高。特别控制区的呼吸系统疾病发病人数占第1位，与占第2位的竞赛场馆相比，χ^2=123．708（P〈0．01）。说明特殊控制区的呼吸系统疾病比竞赛场馆发病高。结论人员种类不同发病情况不同，场馆工作人员发病率最高，患者主要集中于竞赛场馆和非竞赛场馆。另外外伤发生率高，各场馆应配备外科医生（颌面外科和创伤骨科），训练场馆应配备五官科医生，特殊控制区应多配备呼吸科医生，同时，各场馆应均衡配备消化Objective To analyze the incidence and the variety of diseases at Olympic competition venues, non-competition venues and special control zones through the statistical analysis of medical data of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. Method The proportions of people contracting diseases among different groups, i.e. non-registered people, athletes, staff, media, VIPs and others were analyzed. At different venues the incidence proportions of diseases in cardiovascular system, stomatology, gastroenterolgy, ENT, respiratory system, surgery, neuropsychiatry, physical injury, genitourinary system and burns were calculated. And the disease spectrum and incidence proportions at specified venues were analyzed. Results （1） Among all groups of people involved in Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, the proportion of disease- contracting staff was the highest （44. 83% ） while that of VIPs the low^st （4. 76% ） so that the incidence proportions were different among different groups of people. （ 2 ）χ^2 = 2427. 803, （ P 〈 0.01 ） The statistical analysis of disease distribution indicates that people at different venues might contract different diseases. （3） The proportions of disease-contracting people at competition venues, non-competition venues, training venues and special control zones were 36.08% , 50. 66% , 2. 31% and 10. 96% respectively, which was related to the number of people at a particular venue. （4）The incidence proportion of surgical diseases was quite high, especially maxillofacial and orthopedic diseases （orthopedic trauma） ranking as top 2 at all venues. Thus there should be surgeons at every venue, especially maxillofacial （for hockey） and orthopedic surgeons. At training venues, the number of people contracting E. N.T. diseases ranked No. 1, χ^2 = 74. 859 （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, compared with that of non-competition venues at No. 2. So the incidence proportion of ENT diseases was higher at training venues than at non-competition venues. The number of people contracting respiratory diseases was

关 键 词：奥林匹克运动会 北京奥林匹克运动会组委会 场馆 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]