建水县1997～2006年5岁以下儿童死亡趋势分析  

An analysis of mortality in children under 5 years old in Jianshui county from 1997 to 2006

作　　者：李丽娟[1] 武红萍[2] 彭艳萍[2] 房少华[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省妇幼保健院,云南昆明650051 [2]建水县妇幼保健院,云南建水654300

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2009年第3期245-247,共3页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的通过对云南省建水县10年来5岁以下儿童死亡状况分析，明确当地卫生保健存在的问题，为儿童生存状况的改善提供建议。方法按照《中国5岁以下儿童死亡监测方案》的要求进行资料的收集、整理，用PEMS软件做5岁以下儿童死亡率的升降趋势分析。结果建水县5岁以下儿童死亡率呈持续下降趋势，早期新生儿死亡率、新生儿死亡率、婴儿死亡率均明显下降，但1～4岁儿童死亡率10年间下降不明显；新生儿死亡、婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的构成比分别为：55．8％、79．3％，新生儿死亡占婴儿死亡的构成比为70．3％；新生儿和婴儿前3住死因主要是肺炎、出生窒息、早产和低出生体重。结论10年来5岁以下儿童死亡率呈下降趋势；肺炎仍是第1位死因。要降低5岁以下儿童死亡率，首先必须降低新生儿死亡率。Objective To analyze mortality status of children under 5 years old in Jianshui county, Yunan province and to find out problems in local maternal and child health care so as to provide some suggestions and proposals for improving surviving state of the children. Methods The data of mortality of children under 5 years old in Jianshui county in last 10 years were collected, summaried and analyzed by using software PEMS based on the＂ Monitoring Program of Mortality of children under 5 years old in China＂. Results The mortality rate of children under 5 years old showed a decreasing trend in past 10 years. Early neonatal mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate and infant mortality rate were decreased significantly （P 〈 0.05）, but the mortality rate of children aged 1 to 4 years was not obviously decreased in the 10 years. The constituent ratioes of neonatal mortality, and infant mortality among total mortality rate of children under 5 years old were 55.8% and 79.3% respectively, of which, the neonatal mortality accounted for 70.3% of infant mortality rate. The first 3 causes of neonatal mortality and infant mortality were pneumonia, neonatal asphyxia, premature labor and low birth weight. Conclusion In the 10 years period, the mortality rate of children under 5 years old in Jianshui county shows a decreasing trend. Pneumonia is still the main cause of the children. In order to decrease the mortality rate of children under 5 years old, the neonatal mortality rate should be decreased firstly.

关 键 词：5岁以下儿童 死亡率 趋势 分析 

分 类 号：R17[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]