孕产妇艾滋病感染影响因素分析  

Influencing factors of HIV infection among pregnant women in China

作　　者：方利文[1] 王前[1] 王临虹[1] 张伟[2] 孙定勇[3] 张燕[4] 黄越华[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100013 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]河南省疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治研究所,河南郑州450003 [4]云南省妇幼保健院,云南昆明650051 [5]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院,广西南宁530003

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2009年第3期271-274,共4页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：[基金项目]国家“十五”科技攻关课题资助项目（2004BA719A03）

摘　　要：目的探讨影响我国孕产妇感染艾滋病病毒的高危因素。方法采用1：2病例对照的研究方法。病例来源于2005年11月至2007年1月在新疆、河南、云南、广西等地区发现的325名艾滋病病毒感染孕产妇。对照组为同地区、同民族、年龄相差不超过2岁、孕周相差不超过4周的艾滋病病毒抗体检测阴性孕产妇共650名。结果受教育程度较高的孕产妇感染艾滋病病毒的可能性较小（OR=0．45，95％CI：0．29～0．72），有婚前性行为的孕产妇感染艾滋病病毒的风险是无婚前性行为者的3．27倍（95％CI：1．59—2．49）。有多性伴的孕产妇感染艾滋病病毒的危险性是无多性伴者的4．29倍。有过有偿采供血史的孕产妇感染艾滋病病毒的危险性明显增加。结论孕产妇自身的社会人口学特征、行为特征以及性伴的行为特征都是影响其感染艾滋病病毒的主要因素。孕产妇本人受教育程度低，有多性伴、婚前性行为、有偿采供血史以及其性伴有吸毒、多性伴、有偿采供血史等高危行为，都会增加妇女感染艾滋病病毒的危险。Objective To investigate risk factors of HIV infection among pregnant women in China. Methods As a part of The National Tenth Five-year Scientific and Technological Brainstorm Project in Xinjiang urgur autonomous region, Henan province, Yunnan province and Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, a 1：2 matched poptdation-based case-control study on maternal infection of HIV was conducted from November 2005 to January 2007. 325 HIV-positive pregnant women were identified and included in study group and 650 HIV-negative pregnant women were matched on geographic areas, ethnicity with difference in age less than 2 years old and difference in gestational age less than 4 weeks as the controls. Results Those pregnant women who had a higher level of education had a reduced risk of HIV infection （ OR = 0.45,95 % CI：0.29 - 0. 72） and the risk of HIV infection of those pregnant women who had premarital sexual behaviors was 3.27 times of that of those pregnant women who had no premarital sexual behaviors（95% CI： 1.59 -2.49）. And the risk of HIV infection of those pregnant women who had multiple sex partners was 4.29 times of that of those pregnant women who had only one sex partner. The HIV infection risk of those pregnant women who had paid blood donation history was significantly higher. In addition, those pregnant women whose husbands or sex partners took drugs, or they had multiple sexual partners, or their sexual partners had paid blood donation history were more likely infected with HIV. Conclusion The social-demographic and behavioral characteristics of pregnant women and their husbands （or sex partners） are major factors influcing HIV infection of a woman. Lower educational level, paid blood donation history, having multiple sex partners and premarital sexual behaviors of the pregnant woman, and drugs taking, paid blood donation history.of having multiple sexual partners of her sexual partner（s） all can increase the risk of HIV infection of a woman.

关 键 词：孕产妇 艾滋病病毒 感染 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]