南亚地区黑碳气溶胶对亚洲夏季风的影响  

Effects of Black Carbon Aerosol in South Asia on Asian Summer Monsoon

作　　者：王志立[1,2] 张华[2] 郭品文[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]中国气象局气候研究开放实验室/国家气候中心,北京100081 [3]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《高原气象》2009年第2期419-424,共6页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助(2006CB403707);科技部公益性行业(气象)科研专项经费(GYHY200706036);国家科技支撑计划课题"气候变化的检测和预估技术研究"(2007BAC03A01)共同资助

摘　　要：利用NCAR的全球大气模式CAM3,模拟了南亚地区黑碳气溶胶对亚洲夏季风的影响。结果表明:晚春时期,南亚地区黑碳气溶胶强烈吸收太阳辐射,加热低层大气,造成孟加拉湾及沿岸地区雨季的提前,可能导致南亚夏季风提前爆发。夏季,被加热的大气沿青藏高原南坡爬升,在高空形成一个稳定的加热层。高空的持续加热,引起局地的深对流活动,使得印度洋和南亚大陆之间产生一个北升南降的经圈环流,导致印度洋洋面上的向北运动加强,从而使南亚夏季风的强度增大。但是,南亚地区黑碳气溶胶通过影响表面气压、垂直运动、降水和850 hPa风场等减弱了东亚夏季风,且导致西太平洋副热带高压北移西伸,使我国梅雨带位置向东北方向移动。The effects of black carbon aerosol （BC） in the South Asia on Asian summer monsoon have been investigated by using the Community Atmosphere Model Version 3 （CAM3） developed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCAR）. The results show that BC heats the lower troposphere because of strongly absorbing the solar radiation in the South Asia during the late spring. This may lead to an advance of the rainy periods of the Bay of Bengal and its coast and the outbreak of the Indian summer monsoon. In summer, the heated air forms a steady heating layer at upper air through ascending along the southern slope of the Tibetan Plateau, which gives birth to a local motion of deep convection. Thus, a meridional circulation that ascends in the north and subsides in the south appears between the South Asia continent and the Indian Ocean, which enhance the northward motion and intensifies the Indian summer monsoon. However, the BC of the South Asia weakens the East Asian summer monsoon, induces western Pacific Subtropical High to extend northwestward, and causes the Meiyu belt of China to shift northeastward through impacting on the surface pressure, vertical motion, precipitation, wind field of 850 hPa and so on.

关 键 词：南亚 黑碳气溶胶 亚洲夏季风 

分 类 号：P402[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境]