河北城市化和观测环境改变对地面风速观测资料序列的影响  

Effect of Urbanization and Observation Environment Change on Wind Speed Trend in Hebei Province,China

作　　者：刘学锋[1,2] 江滢[2] 任国玉[2] 梁秀慧[1] 张成伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省气候中心,河北石家庄050021 [2]中国气象局气候研究开放实验室/国家气候中心,北京100081

出　　处：《高原气象》2009年第2期433-439,共7页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：中国气象局气候研究开放实验室项目“河北地区城市化对边界层风速变化影响研究(LCS-2006-05)”;中国气象局气象新技术推广项目“观测环境和仪器变化对地面观测资料的影响评估(CMATG2008Z12)”;国家自然科学基金项目(40575039)共同资助

摘　　要：选用河北省143个气象台站1975—2004年10 m高年平均风速资料,以及1990年和2000年人口普查资料,根据人口增长、台站迁移、仪器高度变化、台站微观环境变化等影响地面风速变化的台站历史信息,把所有气象台站分为4类,并分别对其进行比较分析。结果表明:河北省绝大多数台站风速变化呈减小趋势;城市化进程、台站观测环境等因素均在不同程度上对地面平均风速变化趋势产生了影响,其中台站所在城镇城市化程度是风速减小趋势不可忽略的原因,其影响程度约在1/4左右;台站观测环境因素中观测场附近微观环境变化对风速减小趋势具有重要影响,超过了区域背景风速减小趋势。台站观测环境因素对风速资料序列均一性的影响也不容忽视,至少有1/3的平均风速序列非均一性断点是由观测环境变化产生的。Applying a data set of annual mean surface wind speed from 143 stations for 1975--2004 period and census data Hebei Province in 1990 and 2000, the effects of urbanization and observational environment change on long-term wind speed trends in Hebei Province are analyzed, Based on the records of population growth, the station relocation, change of instrumental height, microscopic environmental variation near observational stations, the stations are classified to 4 groups, and a comparative analysis is made to identify the different effects of the human factors. Results show significant decreasing trends of annual mean surface wind speed for most of the stations in the region. The urbanization and changes in observational environment have significantly influenced the trends of annual mean wind speed. The urbanization of cities or towns near the stations is one of important factors, which leads to the obvious slowdown of wind speed for approximately 25 % stations. The micro environmental variation immediately around stations even has a larger effect on the decrease of wind speed, which generally surpasses the regional baseline wind speed change. It is noted that, although the regional baseline wind speed has decreased, the urbanization and observational environment change have made a larger contribution to the observed slowdown of surface wind speed in the study region. We also find that some in-homogeneities of wind speed data have been caused by the the observation environmental changes.

关 键 词：河北省 城市化 观测环境 风速变化 气候变化 风能资源 

分 类 号：P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]