兴安落叶松鞘蛾对寄主挥发物的反应  

Responses of Coleophora obducta to Larch Volatile Compositions

作　　者：严善春[1] 杨慧[1] 高璐璐[1] 王志波 毛洪波 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]哈尔滨市宾县林业局森林病虫害防治检疫站,宾县150400 [3]哈尔滨市阿城区森林病虫害防治检疫站,阿城150300

出　　处：《林业科学》2009年第5期94-101,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：黑龙江省攻关项目(GB06B304-3)

摘　　要：运用触角电位仪(EAG)和"Y"型嗅觉仪测试鞘蛾对落叶松9种挥发物,即R-α-蒎烯、S-α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、罗勒烯、水芹烯、3-蒈烯、月桂烯、莰烯和叶醇的EAG和行为反应。结果表明:在0.4mol·L-1浓度下,雌蛾除了对R-α-蒎烯、雄蛾除了对R-α-蒎烯和水芹烯没有明显EAG反应外,对其余挥发物的EAG反应与对照相比差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05),并且雌、雄虫之间的EAG反应也存在一定的差异。利用"Y"型嗅觉仪测试鞘蛾对9种挥发物在0.0004,0.004,0.04,0.4,0.8mol·L-1这5个浓度梯度下的行为反应。结果表明:雌虫对S-α-蒎烯、S-β-蒎烯、水芹烯、3-蒈烯、月桂烯、叶醇这6种物质在一定浓度下表现出明显的趋向偏好(P<0.05);雄虫对罗勒烯、月桂烯、莰烯、叶醇这4种物质在一定浓度下表现出明显的趋向偏好(P<0.05)。由于鞘蛾幼虫具有潜叶取食的特殊习性,为探索利用外源植物挥发物对其取食行为的调控作用,进一步筛选对雌虫有活性的挥发物成分,喷施到健康落叶松苗上,观察幼虫的取食行为。结果表明:喷施挥发物的样枝上,0.004mol·L-1月桂烯造成幼虫的死亡虫数最少,与对照差异不显著(P>0.05),其他样枝上幼虫死亡率较对照差异极显著(P<0.01),表明挥发物可能对幼虫有致害作用,其中,S-α-蒎烯0.04mol·L-1造成幼虫的死亡率最高,达86.67%。Coleophora obducta （Meyrick） （Lepidoptera： Coleophoridae） is a defoliator of larch and exclusively latent in leaves. This article tested behavioral responses of C. obducta to nine kinds of larch volatile compositions, namely R - α - pinene, S - α - pinene, β - pinene, ocimene, phellandrene, 3 - carene, myrcene, camphene and phytol with EAG and Y-tube olfactometer. The results showed that 0.4 mol· L^- 1, most volatile compositions had significant EAG responses compared with the blank control（ P 〈 0.05）, with exception of females to R - α- pinene, males to R - α- pinene and phellandrene. Besides, there existed difference in EAG responses between males and females. Behavioral responses of C. obducta to nine kinds volatile compositions in a series of concentrations of 0.0004, 0.004, 0.04, 0.4, 0.8 mol· L^- 1 were also examined with a Y-tube olfactometer. Females were inclined to S - α - pinene, S - β- pinene, phellandrene, 3 - carene, and phytol to some extent （ P 〈 0.05）, and males were inclined to ocimene, myreene, camphene and phytol to some extent （ P 〈 0.05）. In order to explore an insect-control agent of exotic host plant volatile components to larva＇ s special habit of feeding latently, we further screened volatile compositions that active to females, and then sprayed them singly to healthy larch seedlings. The result showed that most larvae that fed on the twigs sprayed with the active volatile compositions were dead compared to the blank （P 〈 0.01 ） with exception of myrcene 0. 004 mol· L^- 1 which had no significant effect（ P 〉 0.05）. The phenomenon suggested that volatile compositions might be harmful to larvae, thereinto, S -α - pinene 0.04 mol· L^- 1 caused the most larvae dead, which accounted for 86. 677 % of total number.

关 键 词：兴安落叶松鞘蛾 挥发物 触角电位 行为反应 取食 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学]