2006年合肥市麻疹疑似病例血清学监测分析  

SEROLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE AND ANALYSIS FOR SUSPICIOUS CASES OF MEASLES IN HEFEI IN 2006

作　　者：类延花[1] 黄鸿滟[1] 胡中旺[1] 陈煚[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥市疾病预防控制中心,合肥230001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第11期2114-2116,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解合肥市麻疹的血清流行病学特征,探讨麻疹与风疹之间的血清学鉴别诊断。[方法]采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)捕获法对331例RFIs的血清标本进行麻疹IgM和风疹IgM抗体检测。[结果]麻疹IgM抗体阳性率为45.62%,风疹IgM抗体阳性率为13.60%。在出疹后4～14d采集的血清标本其麻疹IgM和风疹IgM抗体阳性检出率最高。麻疹IgM阳性病例≥20岁组阳性数最高(33.11%);风疹IgM阳性病例主要集中在13～19岁组(64.44%)。有麻疹疫苗接种史的31例,占20.53%;无免疫史的40例,占26.49%;免疫史不详者80例,占52.98%。[结论]血清学诊断是科学鉴别RFIs的重要手段。采血与检出率密切相关;麻疹患者与风疹患者有一定的年龄差距,但未经实验室诊断极易发生误诊;应加强实验室监测,提高麻疹实验室检测的及时性、准确性和敏感性。[ Objective ] To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles and study the serodiagnosis between measles and rubella. [Methods] Captured-ELISA was used to test the measles IgM and rubella IgM antibody of aerate phase serum specimens of RFIs. [ Results ] The positive rate of measles of IgM and rubella IgM antibody was 45.62% and 13.60% respectively, The positive rates of measles of IgM and rubella IgM antibody were both the highest in 4-14 days after rash. The highest positive rate （33.11%） of measles of IgM antibody was in the rarge of t〉20 years oht, however, the highest positive rate （64.44%） of rubella was in the range of 13-19 years old. There were 3l cases （20.53%） with immunization history, 40 eases （26.49%） without immunization history and 80 cases （52.98%） with uncertain immunization history. [Conclusion] The serodiagnosis is a scientific and convenient method to distinguish RFIs. There is a significant correlation between the positive ratio and the blood collection. The age range of measles patients and rubella patients is different, however, it is easily confused without a laboratory, diagnosis. So we should improve the accuracy, promptitude and sensitivity of our serodiagnosis in order to strengthen laboratory surveillance.

关 键 词：发热出疹性疾病 麻疹 风疹 IGM抗体 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]