家兔卵母细胞及早期胚胎发育的微细结构研究  

An Ultrastructural Study on the Oocyteand Early Development of Embryos in Rabbits*

作　　者：周琪[1] 谭景和[1] 李子义[1] 孙兴参[1] 刘忠华[1] 贺桂馨[1] 刘英举[2] 邹啸环[3] 文兴豪[3] 李德雪[3] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学 [2]齐齐哈尔市崔门种畜场 [3]解放军农牧大学

出　　处：《黑龙江动物繁殖》1998年第2期3-7,共5页Heilongjiang journal of animal reproduction

基　　金：国家教委跨世纪优秀人才基金;霍英东青年教师基金;黑龙江省杰出青年科学基金

摘　　要：用ＰＭＳＧ和ｈＣＧ对家兔进行超数排卵，用手术方法获取卵母细胞和不同发育时期的胚胎，通过光镜、透射和扫描电镜观察了家兔卵母细胞及胚胎的形态结构并研究了胚胎的体外培养方法。主要结果如下：１．兔１６－细胞胚的表面微绒毛没有极化表现而部分桑椹胚的卵裂球微绒毛已分区，发生极化。２．成熟卵及胚胎中的线粒体不同；成熟卵中为少嵴、染色深的不活跃线粒体，而随胚胎发育线粒体逐渐变为成熟活跃型的。３．皮质颗粒在卵母细胞成熟时数量达到最多。４．在成熟卵母细胞中，高尔基复合体数量较少，随胚胎发育其在核的附近数量增多。５．微绒毛在未成熟卵表面较多，卵母细胞成熟后变得疏而粗。６．进行家兔胚胎体外培养时，１９９培养液的培养效果好于ＤＭ液。The does were superovulated with PMSG and hCG and the oocytes and embryos at different stages of develpment were collected surgicallyThe morphology of the oocytes and embryos were studied via scanning and transmission electron microscopyThe major results achieved are asfollows:1the distribution of microvilli was even in the 16-cell embryos,but became polarized in the morulae2the mitochondria in the oocyte was of the non-active type with few crests,but with development of the embryos the mitochondria became of the active type with many crests3the maxmum number of cortical granules were found only when the oocytes were mature4There were few Golgi complexes in the mature oocytes but their number increased in the vicinity of the nucleus with the development of embryos5The microvilli were numerous on the surface of the immature oocytes butobecame less numerous and thicker when the oocytes got mature in vitro6A better development was observed when the rabbit zygotes were cultured in the TCM-199 rather than in the DM medium

关 键 词：卵母细胞 胚胎 超微结构 家兔 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]