6～59月龄儿童流感疫苗接种现状及影响因素分析  

The Status Quo of Vaccination against the Flu among 6-59-month Children and Analysis of the Affecting Factors

作　　者：肖慧洁 徐郁[1] 林波[1] 蔡小莉[1] 丘晓琤 黄敬霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]珠海市疾病预防控制中心预防医学门诊部,广东珠海519002

出　　处：《护理学报》2009年第9期13-15,共3页Journal of Nursing（China）

基　　金：珠海市卫生局立项课题(2008045)

摘　　要：目的了解流感疫苗在儿童中的接种情况及接种服务需求,分析影响接种流感疫苗的因素,为进一步开展护理干预提供依据。方法以36月龄为界将6～59月龄的珠海市儿童分为2个层次,每个年龄层按照等距抽样原则抽取500名儿童进行调查,内容包括儿童一般情况、接种流感疫苗状况、儿童家长对流感疫苗相关知识的认知和态度情况、接种服务需求等。对影响儿童接种流感疫苗的因素进行非条件Logistic回归分析。结果2007年9月—2008年4月儿童流感疫苗接种率为6.1%(61/1000);家长对大部分流感相关知识的回答正确率低于60%;68.8%(688/1000)的家长表示愿意带孩子接种流感疫苗;72.9%的家长希望接种单位通过电话、短信提供接种逾期提醒服务;经非条件Logistic回归分析显示:家长对是否应当每年接种、疫苗安全性、疫苗有效性的认识,家长工作繁忙程度及获知接种信息的主动性是影响接种的因素(P<0.05)。结论6～59月龄儿童流感疫苗接种率低;家长对接种流感疫苗相关知识的认识不足;家长对接种流感疫苗的认识、工作繁忙程度及获知接种信息的主动性是影响儿童接种的因素。应采取有效的干预措施来提高儿童流感疫苗的接种率。Objective To learn about the status quo and demand for the vaccination against the flu of children, and analyze the factors influencing the vaccination, so as to provide some reference for formulating the related nursing interventions. Methods The children aged from 6 to 59 months old in Zhuhai were classified into two levels with 36 months of age as the dividing line. From each age group, 500 children were systematically sampled, and a survey was made with them about their general information, vaccination against the flu, their demand for such vaccination, and the parents＇ cognitions of and attitudes towards the flu vaccine. Then a non- conditional Logistic regressive analysis was made of the influencing factors. Results The children＇s vaccination rate for Sep. 2007 to Apr. 2008 was 6.1%; the rate of correct answers to the flu-related questions was lower than 60%; the parents who were willing to have their children vaccinated accounted for 68.8%, and 72.9% of the parents expressed the hope for being reminded of overdue vaccinations by phone calls or mobile text message. And it was revealed by the non-conditional Logistic regressive analysis that factors influencing the vaccinating included the parents＇ understanding of the necessity of vaccination, and the security and effectiveness of the vaccine, how busy they were, and their initiative of obtaining related informations （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The rate of vaccination for 6-59-month children was low, and the parent＇s understanding of the knowledge related to the vaccination against the flu was inadequate, and the factors influencing the vaccinating included the parents＇ vaccine-related knowledge, their initiative of obtaining related information and how busy they were. Some effective intervention measures should be taken to improve the rate of vaccination.

关 键 词：儿童 流感疫苗 接种 需求 影响因素 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R183.3[医药卫生—临床医学]