性病门诊患者的感染源和求医行为特征分析  

Analysis of Infection Sources and Care seeking Behaviour among STD Clinic Clients

作　　者：钱汉竹[1] 廖明敏[1] 赵鹏飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市计划生育科学研究所生殖健康中心,上海200032

出　　处：《中华皮肤科杂志》1998年第3期171-173,共3页Chinese Journal of Dermatology

基　　金：世界卫生组织人类生殖研究;发展和研究培训特别规划署资助

摘　　要：目的　探讨性病患者的感染源、求医和防病等行为特征。方法　对上海市 3个性病门诊的 474例患者进行了问卷调查和深入访谈。结果　发现 94 1 %的性病是通过性接触而感染 ,70 3%的已婚女性把感染源归咎于其丈夫 ,而 80 %以上的已婚男性和未婚男女从临时性伴和卖淫嫖娼途径感染上性病。供销员、服务员、个体经营者和无业人员等职业人群易从非婚性接触感染性病 ,且避孕套使用率低。 74 5 %因为有了症状才求医 ;分别只有 82 7%、6 2 2 %、5 7 1 %和 30 0 %性病患者表示会鼓励其配偶、同居者、暗娼和临时性伴就诊作性病检测 ;虽然女性患者的求医行为较为积极 ,但性病患者整体上治病不及时 ,男女同治率低 ,避孕套使用率低。在卖淫嫖娼者中 ,避孕套使用率不到 4 2 %,即使知道感染性病后使用率也只有 9 7%左右。结论　对性病患者应加强咨询和健康教育 ,减少性伴数和慎重选择性伴 ,坚持正确地使用避孕套 ,鼓励男女同治 ,提高防病意识 。Objective To understand the infection sources, care seeking behaviour and STD prevention in STD clinic patients. Methods Four hundred and seventy four patients of 3 STD clinics in Shanghai were investigated with questionaires and interviewed. Results 94.1% respondents contracted STDs via sexual contact. 70.3% married females attributed their infection source to their husbands, while more than 80% males and unmarried patients were infected through casual or commercial sex partners. High risk populations were observed among salesclerks, hotel attendants, private businessmen and unemployed, who were liable to contract STD through extramarital sexual contact and had a low rate of condom use. 74.5% of patients who visited the clinics after their symptoms had appeared. 82.7%, 62.2%, 57.1% and 30.0% of patients, whose sex partners were their spouses, lovers, commercial sex workers and casual partners, respectively, promised to encourage their partners for STD check up. Although the care seeking behaviour among females was slightly more active than that among males, postponed treatment seeking behaviour, low rate of simultaneous treatment of both male and female partners and low rate of condom use were observed among total patients. Majority of patients practised unprotected sexual intercourse, 4.2% used condom in commercial sexual activities, only 9.7% used condom even after having contracted the present STDs. Conclusion It is implied that counselling and health education must be strengthened in STD clinics, aiming at improving the awareness of STD prevention, insistently and correctly using condom, carefully choosing sex partners and reducing the number of sex partners, and encouraging the patients to adopt healthier life style.

关 键 词：性病 传染源 求医行为 防治 

分 类 号：R759[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]