慢性乙型肝炎患者健康教育需求调查分析  

Investigation of Health Education Needs in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B

作　　者：万彬[1] 罗东霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省成都市传染病医院,四川成都610061

出　　处：《华西医学》2009年第5期1290-1292,共3页West China Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的:为了解慢性乙型肝炎患者对乙肝相关知识的了解程度,对健康教育内容和方式的需求,为临床实施健康教育提供依据。方法:采用问卷调查方式,问卷为自行设计,经反复修改,并行预调查,证明可行。发出调查问卷141份,收回113份,回收率80.1%.由专职护士在统一指导语下先对患者作必要的解释,然后由患者独立完成问卷;将资料量化后输入计算机,数据用统计软件SPSS11.0处理,问卷总分用x-±s进行t检验。结果:从113例慢性乙肝患者问卷平均得分为(11.54±2.65),基本达到及格要求,反映出患者有一定的健康信息储量,但缺乏较深层次的健康知识指导;慢性乙肝患者对乙肝相关知识的了解情况与文化程度及病程长短相关;对能解决实际问题的教育内容需求较多,最受欢迎的健康教育方式为发放健康手册,一病一卡(建立患者档案,医护定时上门)。结论:慢性乙肝患者有一定的健康信息储量,但不全面;患者对健康教育有较强的需求愿望;患者受着不同程度的心理压力,且知行未完全合一;因此,对慢性乙型肝炎患者的健康教育需加强知识的深度和广度,重视教育内容和方式的有机结合,还要加强对慢性乙肝患者的心理疏导,情感支持,也是至关重要的。Objective： Investigate the degree of the patients with chronic hepatitis B to understand related knowledge and the need for healthy education and way; provide evidence for clinical health education. Methods： The questionnaire survey method was selected. 141 investigation questionnaires were send out, 113 were taken back, coefficients of recovery was 80.1%. Professional nurse made the essential explanation first and instruction to the patient, then the questionnaire was completed independently by the patient. Content was investigated. Results： The questionnaires of 113 cases with chronic hepatitis B had an average score of （11.54±2.65）, basically reached the requirements of passing, reflected that the patient had certain healthy knowledge information content, but lacked the deep level the healthy knowledge instruction. The hepatitis B knowledge＇s understanding of the patients was related with the level of education and his course of disease. In order to solve practical problems and the great demand for educational content, the most popular way of health education is the payment of health manuals, one disease, a card （establishment of patient files and the regular medical staff visit）. Conclusion： Patients with chronic hepatitis B have some reserves of health information, but not comprehensive. The patient has the strong demand desire to the health education. Patients suffer from varying degrees of psychological pressure, but knowing and doing are not full unity. Therefore, patients with chronic hepatitis B need to strengthen the depth and breadth of health knowledge, the importance of education content and the way the organic integration, but also to strengthen psychological and emotional support.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 健康教育 调查分析 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]